Citation and Use of IPUMS-USA

All persons are granted a limited license to use this data and the accompanying documentation, subject to the following conditions: 

• No fee may be charged for its use.
• Publications and research reports based on the database must cite it appropriately. The citation is as follows:

Steven Ruggles, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, Patricia Kelly Hall, Miriam King, and Chad Ronnander.  Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 4.0 [Machine-readable database]. Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor], 2008.
 

If possible, citations should also include the URL for the IPUMS site: http://usa.ipums.org/usa/

In addition, we request that users report any publications, research reports, or educational material using the data or documentation. Citations should be added to the IPUMS bibliography here.