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The 2024 ACS 1-Year PUMS file has not yet been released amidst the U.S. federal government shutdown. Once these data are available, IPUMS will process and release them as quickly as possible.

Description

INSANE identifies persons who were considered "insane," as contemporaries understood that term. The 1860 instructions to enumerators stated that a person institutionalized for insanity should be so labeled, but someone "competent to manage his or her business affairs without manifesting any symptoms of insanity to an ordinary observer" should not be. "As a general rule," these instructions continued, "the term Insanity applies to individuals who once possessed mental faculties which have become impaired," not to persons suffering a mental disability from birth.