- Description
- Codes
- Comparability
- Universe
- Availability
- Questionnaire Text
- Flags
- Source Variables
- Editing Procedure
Description
HHINCOME reports the total money income of all household members age 15+ during the previous year. The amount should equal the sum of all household members' individual incomes, as recorded in the person-record variable INCTOT. The persons included were those present in the household at the time of the census or survey. People who lived in the household during the previous year but who were no longer present at census time are not included, and members who did not live in the household during the previous year but who had joined the household by the time of the census or survey, are included. For the census, the reference period is the previous calendar year; for the ACS and the PRCS, it is the previous 12 months.
Note that household income differs from family income, which is reported in FTOTINC. The family income variable only reports the incomes of household members related to the head, while HHINCOME includes the incomes of all household members.
Amounts are expressed in contemporary dollars, and users studying change over time must adjust for inflation (See INCTOT for Consumer Price Index adjustment factors). The exception is the ACS/PRCS multi-year files, where all dollar amounts have been standardized to dollars as valued in the final year of data included in the file (e.g., 2007 dollars for the 2005-2007 3-year file). Additionally, more detail may be available than exists in the original ACS samples.
User Note: ACS respondents are surveyed throughout the year, and amounts do not reflect calendar year dollars. While the Census Bureau provides an adjustment factor (available in ADJUST), this is an imperfect solution. See the ACS income variables note for further details.
HHINCOME is a 7-digit numeric code which reports the total money income of all household members age 15+ during the previous year. The amount should equal the sum of all household members' individual incomes, as recorded in the person-record variable INCTOT. The persons included were those present in the household at the time of the census or survey. People who lived in the household during the previous year but who were no longer present at census time are not included, and members who did not live in the household during the previous year but who had joined the household by the time of the census or survey, are included. For the census, the reference period is the previous calendar year; for the ACS and the PRCS, it is the previous 12 months. Note that household income differs from family income, which is reported in FTOTINC. The family income variable only reports the incomes of household members related to the head, while HHINCOME includes the incomes of all household members. HHINCOME specific variable codes for missing, edited, or unidentified observations, observations not applicable (N/A), observations not in universe (NIU), top and bottom value coding, etc. are provided below by Census year (and data sample if specified).
User Note: Amounts are expressed in contemporary dollars, and users studying change over time must adjust for inflation (See Description).
HHINCOME Specific Variable Codes
9999999 = N/A
HHINCOME | ||
Census | Bottom Code | Top Code |
1980 (US) | -$9,995 | $75,000 |
1980 (PR) | - | $50,000 |
1990 (US) | $0 | By State* |
1990 (PR) | -$59,999 | - |
2000 (US) | -$19,998 | - |
2000 (PR) | - | - |
ACS | -$19,998 | - |
PRCS | - | - |
* Values Exceeding Top codes, by State: 1990
Comparability
This variable means the same thing across years. Users may construct HHINCOME for 1960 and 1970 by identifying all household members and combining their incomes, as reported in the person-record variable INCTOT. Users should note that INCTOT itself is already Top coded, as are its components. The 1960-1970 censuses collected income information from persons age 14+, while later years used higher age limits.
Universe
- Not group quarters, not vacant units.
Availability
- 2023: All samples
- 2022: All samples
- 2021: All samples
- 2020: All samples
- 2019: All samples
- 2018: All samples
- 2017: All samples
- 2016: All samples
- 2015: All samples
- 2014: All samples
- 2013: All samples
- 2012: All samples
- 2011: All samples
- 2010: ACS; ACS 3yr; ACS 5yr
- 2009: All samples
- 2008: All samples
- 2007: All samples
- 2006: All samples
- 2005: All samples
- 2004: All samples
- 2003: All samples
- 2002: All samples
- 2001: All samples
- 2000: All samples
- 1990: All samples
- 1980: All samples
- 1970: --
- 1960: --
- 1950: --
- 1940: --
- 1930: --
- 1920: --
- 1910: --
- 1900: --
- 1880: --
- 1870: --
- 1860: --
- 1850: --
- 2023: All samples
- 2022: All samples
- 2021: All samples
- 2020: All samples
- 2019: All samples
- 2018: All samples
- 2017: All samples
- 2016: All samples
- 2015: All samples
- 2014: All samples
- 2013: All samples
- 2012: All samples
- 2011: All samples
- 2010: PRCS; PRCS 3yr; PRCS 5yr
- 2009: All samples
- 2008: All samples
- 2007: All samples
- 2006: All samples
- 2005: All samples
- 2000: All samples
- 1990: All samples
- 1980: All samples
- 1970: --
- 1930: --
- 1920: --
- 1910: --
Questionnaire Text
2023 ACS |
2022 ACS |
2021 ACS |
2016 ACS |
2011 ACS |
2006 ACS |
2000 1% |
1990 1% |
1980 1% |
[ ] Loss
[ ] Loss
[ ] Loss
[ ] Loss
47b. Include NONFARM profit (or loss) from self-employment in sole proprietorships and partnerships. Exclude profit (or loss) of incorporated businesses the person owns.
Include FARM profit (or loss) from self-employment in sole proprietorships and partnerships. Exclude profit (or loss) of incorporated farm businesses you own. Also exclude amounts from land rented for cash but include amounts from land rented for shares.
47c. Include interest received or credited to checking and saving accounts, money market funds, certificates of deposit (CDs), IRAs, KEOGHs, and government bonds.
Include dividends received, credited, or reinvested from ownership of stocks or mutual funds.
Include profit (or loss) from royalties and the rental of land, buildings or real estate, or from roomers or boarders. Income received by self-employed persons whose primary source of income is from renting property or from royalties should be included in question 47b above. Include regular payments from an estate or trust fund.
47d. Include amounts, before Medicare deductions, of Social Security and/or Railroad Retirement payments to retired persons, to dependents of deceased insured workers, and to disabled workers.
47e. Include Supplemental Security Income (SSI) received by elderly, blind, or disabled persons.
47f. Include any public assistance or welfare payments the person receives from the state or county welfare office. Do not include assistance received from private charities. Do not include assistance to pay heating or cooling costs.
47g. Include retirement, survivor or disability benefits received from companies and unions, Federal, state, and local governments, and the U.S. military. Include regular income from annuities and IRA or KEOGH retirement plans.
47h. Include Veterans' (VA) disability compensation and educational assistance payments (VEAP); unemployment compensation, child support or alimony; and all other regular payments such as Armed Forces transfer payments, assistance from private charities, regular contributions from persons not living in the household.
48.Add the total entries (subtracting losses) for 47a through 47h for the PAST 12 MONTHS and enter that number in the space provided. Mark the "Loss" box if there is a loss. Print the total amount in dollars.
[ ] Loss
Mark the "Yes" or "No" box for each type of income, and enter the amount received IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS for each "Yes" response.
If income from any source was received jointly by household members, report, if possible, the appropriate share for each person; otherwise, report the whole amount for only one person and mark the "No" box for the other person.
When reporting income received jointly, DO NOT include the amount for a person not listed on pages 2, 3, or 4.
DO NOT include the following as income in any item:
- Refunds or rebates of any kind
- Withdrawals from savings of any kind
- Capital gains or losses from the sale of homes, shares of stock, etc.
- Inheritances or insurance settlements
- Any type of loan
- Pay in-kind such as food, free rent
47b. Include NONFARM profit (or loss) from self-employment in sole proprietorships and partnerships. Exclude profit (or loss) of incorporated businesses the person owns.
Include FARM profit (or loss) from self-employment in sole proprietorships and partnerships. Exclude profit (or loss) of incorporated farm businesses you own. Also exclude amounts from land rented for cash but include amounts from land rented for shares.
47c. Include interest received or credited to checking and saving accounts, money market funds, certificates of deposit (CDs), IRAs, KEOGHs, and government bonds.
Include dividends received, credited, or reinvested from ownership of stocks or mutual funds.
Include profit (or loss) from royalties and the rental of land, buildings or real estate, or from roomers or boarders. Income received by self-employed persons whose primary source of income is from renting property or from royalties should be included in question 47b above. Include regular payments from an estate or trust fund.
47d. Include amounts, before Medicare deductions, of Social Security and/or Railroad Retirement payments to retired persons, to dependents of deceased insured workers, and to disabled workers.
47e. Include Supplemental Security Income (SSI) received by elderly, blind, or disabled persons.
47f. Include any public assistance or welfare payments the person receives from the state or county welfare office. Do not include assistance received from private charities. Do not include assistance to pay heating or cooling costs.
47g. Include retirement, survivor or disability benefits received from companies and unions, Federal, state, and local governments, and the U.S. military. Include regular income from annuities and IRA or KEOGH retirement plans.
47h. Include Veterans' (VA) disability compensation and educational assistance payments (VEAP); unemployment compensation, child support or alimony; and all other regular payments such as Armed Forces transfer payments, assistance from private charities, regular contributions from persons not living in the household.
[ ] Loss
For income received jointly, report, if possible, the appropriate share for each person; otherwise, report the whole amount for only one person and mark the ?No? box for the other person. If exact amount is not known, please give best estimate.
a. Wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs - Report amount before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
[] Loss
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] No
[] None OR Annual amount - Dollars
$[ ][ ][ ],[ ][ ][ ].00
[] Loss
Are there more people living here? If yes, continue with Person 2.
Person 2
1. What is this person's name? Print the name of person 2 from page 2.
Last Name
[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]
First Name MI
[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ]
2. How is this person related to person 1?Mark [X] one box.
[] Husband/Wife
[] Natural-born son/daughter
[] Adopted son/daughter
[] Stepson/stepdaughter
[] Brother/sister
[] Father/mother
[] Grandchild
[] Parent-in-law
[] Son-in-law/daughter-in-law
[] Other relative - Print exact relationship
[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]
If NOT RELATED to Person 1:
[] Roomer, boarder
[] Housemate, roommate
[] Unmarried partner
[] Foster child
[] Other nonrelative
Include
Persons who are temporarily away on a business trip, on vacation, or in a general hospital
College students who stay here while attending college
Persons in the Armed Forces who live here
Newborn babies still in the hospital
Children in boarding schools below the college level
Persons who stay here most of the week while working even if they have a home somewhere else
Persons with no other home who are staying here on April 1
Persons who are away in an institution such as a prison, mental hospital, or a nursing home
College students who live somewhere else while attending college
Persons in the Armed Forces who live somewhere else
Persons who stay somewhere else most of the week while working
Print last name, first name, and middle initial for each person. Begin on line 1 with the household member (or one of the household members) in whose name this house or apartment is owned, being bought, or rented [the head of household]. If there is no such person, start on line 1 with any adult household member.
LAST FIRST INITIAL
2. _____________________________________________.
3. _____________________________________________.
4. _____________________________________________.
5. _____________________________________________.
6. _____________________________________________.
7. _____________________________________________.
8. _____________________________________________.
9. _____________________________________________.
10. _____________________________________________.
11. _____________________________________________.
12. _____________________________________________.
"List everyone who lives at this address in question 1a. If you are not sure if you should list a person, see the rules on page 1 of the census form. If you are still not sure, answer as best you can and fill in "Yes" for question H1a or H1b, as appropriate. If there are more than seven people in your household, please list all the persons in question 1a, complete the form for seven people, and mail it back in the enclosed envelope. A census taker will call to obtain the information for the additional persons."
2. How is this person related to PERSON 1 [the head of household]?
Fill ONE circle for each person. If Other relative of person in column 1, fill circle and print exact relationship, such as mother-in-law, grandparent, son-in-law, niece, cousin, and so on.
[Person 1 was not to answer this question.]
If a RELATIVE of Person 1:
[] Natural-born or adopted son/daughter
[] Stepson/stepdaughter
[] Brother/sister
[] Father/mother
[] Grandchild
[] Other relative:
____________________
If NOT RELATED to Person 1:
[] Housemate, roommate
[] Unmarried partner
[] Other nonrelative
"Fill one circle to show how each person is related to the person in column 1. If Other relative of the person in column 1, print the exact relationship such as son-in-law, daughter-in-law, grandparent, nephew, niece, mother-in-law, father-in-law, cousin, and so on. If the Stepson/stepdaughter of the person in column 1 also has been legally adopted by the person in column 1, mark Stepson/stepdaughter but do not mark Natural-born or adopted son/daughter. In other words, Stepson/stepdaughter takes precedence over Adopted son/daughter."
Fill the "Yes" circle below for each income source received during 1989. Otherwise, fill the "No" circle. If "Yes," enter the total amount received during 1989. For income received jointly, see instruction guide. If exact amount is not known, please give best estimate. If net income was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.
"Fill the Yes or No circle for each part and enter the amount received during 1989. If income from any source was received jointly by household members, report, if possible, the appropriate share for each person; otherwise, report the whole amount for only one person and fill the No circle for the other person."
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
Report NET income after business expenses.
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
Report even small amounts credited to an account.
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
[] No $________________ .00
Annual amount - Dollars
"Do not include the following as income in any item:
- Withdrawals from savings of any kind
- Capital gains or losses from the sale of homes, shares of stock, etc.
- Inheritances or insurance settlements
- Any type of loan
- Pay in-kind such as food, free rent, etc."
List in Question 1
Relatives living here
Lodgers or boarders living here
Other persons living here
College students who stay here while attending college, even if their parents live elsewhere
Persons who usually live here but are temporarily away (including children in boarding school below the college level)
Persons with a home elsewhere but who stay here most of the week while working
Any college student who stays somewhere else while attending college.
Any person who usually stays somewhere else most of the week while working there.
Any person away from here in an institution such as a home for the aged or mental hospital.
Any person staying or visiting here who has a usual home elsewhere.
Last name
________________________________
First name Middle initial
________________________________
"List in question 1 ... the names of all the people who usually live here. Then turn to pages 2 and 3 where there are columns to list up to seven persons. In the first column print the name of one of the household members in whose name this home is owned or rented. If no household member owns or rents the living quarters, list in the first column any adult household member who is not a roomer, boarder, or paid employee. Print the names of the other household members, if any, in the columns which follow, using question 1 as a checklist."
2. How is this person related to the person in column 1 [i.e., to the householder]?
Fill one circle. If "Other relative" of person in column 1, give exact relationship, such as mother-in-law, niece, grandson, etc.
If relative of person in column 1:
[] Son/daughter
[] Brother/sister
[] Father/mother
[] Other relative _______________
If not related to person in column 1:
[] Partner, roommate
[] Paid employee
[] Other nonrelative _______________
"Fill a circle to show how each person is related to the person in column 1. A stepchild or legally adopted child of the person in column 1 should be marked Son/daughter. Foster children or wards living in the household should be marked Roomer, boarder."
32. Income in 1979 -
Fill circles and print dollar amounts.
If net income was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.
If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.
For income received jointly by household members, see instruction guide.
During 1979 did this person receive any income from the following sources?
If "Yes" to any of the sources below - How much did this person receive for the entire year?
"Fill the Yes or No circle for each part and enter the appropriate amount. If income from any source was received jointly by household members, report if possible, the appropriate share for each person; otherwise, report the whole amount for only one person and mark No for the other person, unless the other person has additional income of the same type."
a. Wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs . . .
[] Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include sick leave pay. Do not include reimbursement for business expenses and pay "in kind," (for example, food, lodging received as payment for work performed)."
b. Own nonfarm business, partnership, or professional practice . . .
[] Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include net earnings (gross receipts minus operating expenses) from a nonfarm business. If business lost money, write "Loss" above the amount."
c. Own farm . . .
[] Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include net earnings (gross receipts minus operating expenses) from a farm. If farm lost money, write "Loss" above the amount."
d. Interest, dividends, royalties, or net rental income . . .
[] Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include interest and dividends credited to the person's account (for example, from savings accounts and stock shares), net royalties, and net income from rental property."
e. Social Security or Railroad Retirement . . .
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include Social Security or Railroad Retirement payments to retired persons, to dependents of deceased insured workers and to disabled workers."
f. Supplemental Security (SSI), Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), or other public assistance or public welfare payments . . .
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include public assistance or welfare payments received from Federal, State, or local agencies. Do not include private welfare payments."
g. Unemployment compensation, veterans' payments, pensions, alimony or child support, or any other sources of income received regularly . ?
[] Yes - $____________________.00
(Annual amount - Dollars)
[] No
"Include all other regular payments, such as government employee retirement, union or private pensions and annuities; unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; Armed Forces allotments; private welfare payments; regular contributions from persons not living in the household; etc. Do not include lump-sum payments received from the sale of property (capital gains), insurance policies, inheritances, etc."
33. What was this person's total income in 1979?
If total amount was a loss, write "Loss" above amount.
$____________________.00 OR [] None
(Annual amount - Dollars)
"If no income was received in 1979, fill the None circle. If total income was a loss, write "Loss" above the amount."
Flags
QHHINCOMEEditing Procedure
There is no editing procedure available for this variable.