County Composition of Older Metropolitan Areas, 1930-2011

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Go to 1850-1920

Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
0160 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Albany Albany Albany Albany Albany Albany
Rensselaer Rensselaer Rensselaer Montgomery Greene Montgomery
Schenectady Schenectady Saratoga Rensselaer Montgomery Rensselaer
Schenectady Saratoga Rensselaer Saratoga
Schenectady Saratoga Schenectady
Schenectady Schoharie
0520 Atlanta, GA DeKalb Cobb** Clayton Butts Barrow Barrow
Fulton De Kalb Cobb** Cherokee Butts Bartow
Fulton De Kalb Clayton Cherokee Carroll
Fulton Cobb Clayton Cherokee
Gwinnett De Kalb Cobb Clayton
Douglas Coweta Cobb
Fayette De Kalb Coweta
Forsyth Douglas DeKalb
Fulton Fayette Douglas
Gwinnet Forsyth Fayette
Henry Fulton Forsyth
Newton Gwinnet Fulton
Paulding Henry Gwinnett
Rockdale Newton Henry
Walton Paulding Newton
Rockdale Paulding
Spaulding Pickens
Walton Rockdale
Spalding
Walton
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
0720 Baltimore, MD# Baltimore Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel
Baltimore City*** Baltimore Baltimore Baltimore Baltimore Baltimore
Baltimore City*** Baltimore City*** Baltimore City*** Baltimore City*** Baltimore City***
Carroll Carroll Caroll Carroll
Harford Harford Harford Harford
Howard Howard Howard Howard
Queen Anne's Queen Anne's
1120 Boston, MA# Essex Essex Essex (p) Essex (p) Bristol Bristol (p)
Middlesex Middlesex Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p) Essex (p) Essex (p)
Norfolk Norfolk Norfolk (p) Norfolk (p) Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p)
Suffolk Suffolk Plymouth (p) Plymouth (p) Norfolk (p) Norfolk (p)
Suffolk Suffolk Plymouth (p) Plymouth (p)
Suffolk Suffolk
Worcester (p) Worcester (p)
Rockingham, NH (p)
1160 Bridgeport, CT Fairfield Fairfield Fairfield (p) Fairfield (p) Fairfield (p) Fairfield (p)
New Haven (p) New Haven (p) New Haven (p) New Haven (p)
1280 Buffalo, NY# Erie Erie Erie Erie Erie Erie
Niagara Niagara Niagara Niagara Niagara
1281 Niagara Falls, NY
1440 Charleston, SC Charleston Charleston Berkeley Berkeley Berkeley Berkeley
Charleston Charleston Charleston Charleston
Dorchester Dorchester Dorchester
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
1600 Chicago, IL# Cook Cook Cook Cook Cook Cook
Dupage Dupage Dupage Dupage Dupage DeKalb
Lake, IL Kane** Kane Kane McHenry DuPage
Lake, IN Lake, IL Lake, IL Lake, IL Grundy
McHenry** McHenry McHenry Kane
Will Will Will Kendall
Lake, IN Lake
McHenry
Will
1601 Aurora-Elgin, IL Kane
Kendell
1602 Gary-Hammond, IN# Lake, IN Lake, IN Lake, IN Lake, IN
Porter Porter Porter Porter
1603 Joliet, IL Grundy
Will
1604 Lake, IL Lake, IL
1640 Cincinatti-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN Hamilton Hamilton Clermont Clermont Clermont Dearborn, IN
Campbell, KY Campbell, KY Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Ohio, IN
Kenton, KY Kenton, KY Warren Warren Warren Boone, KY
Boone, KY Boone, KY Boone, KY Campbell, KY
Campbell, KY Campbell, KY Campbell, KY Gallatin, KY
Kenton, KY Kenton, KY Kenton, KY Grant, KY
Dearborn, IN Dearborn, IN Dearborn, IN Kenton, KY
Pendleton, KY
Brown, OH
Clermont, OH
Hamilton, OH
Warren, OH
1680 Cleveland, OH Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Ashtabula
Lake Lake Geauga Geauga Geauga Cuyahoga
Lake Lake Lake Geauga
Medina Medina Medina Lake
Lorain
Medina
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
1840 Columbus, OH Franklin Franklin Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware
Franklin Fairfield Fairfield Fairfield
Pickaway Franklin Franklin Franklin
Madison Licking Licking
Pickaway Madison Madison
Pickaway Pickaway
Union
2000 Dayton-Springfield, OH-KY-IN Greene** Greene Greene Clark Clark
Montgomery** Miami Miami Greene Greene
Montgomery Montgomery Miami Miami
Preble Preble Montgomery Montgomery
2001 Springfield, OH# Clark Clark Clark Champaign
Clark
2080 Denver, CO# Arapahoe Adams** Adams Adams Adams Adams
Denver Arapahoe Arapahoe Arapahoe Arapahoe Arapahoe
Jefferson Denver Boulder Boulder Denver Denver
Jefferson Denver Denver Douglas Douglas
Jefferson Douglas Jefferson Jefferson
Gilpin
Jefferson
2081 Boulder-Longmont,CO# Boulder
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
2120 Des Moines, IA Polk Polk Polk Polk Dallas Dallas
Warren Polk Polk
Warren Warren
2160 Detroit, MI Macomb Macomb Macomb Lapeer Lapeer Lapeer
Oakland Oakland Oakland Livingston Livingston Macomb
Wayne Wayne Wayne Macomb Macomb Monroe
Oakland Monroe Oakland
St. Clair Oakland St. Clair
Wayne St. Clair Wayne
Wayne
2240 Duluth-Superior, MN-WI St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis
Douglas, WI Douglas, WI Douglas, WI Douglas, WI Douglas, WI Douglas, WI
2360 Erie, PA Erie Erie Erie Erie Erie Erie
2440 Evansville, IN-KY Vanderburg Vanderburg Vanderburg Gibson Posey Posey
Warrick Posey Vanderburg Vanderburgh
Henderson, KY Vanderburg Warrick Warrick
Warrick Henderson, KY Henderson, KY
Henderson, KY
3000 Grand Rapids, MI Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Allegan
Ottawa Ottawa Ottawa Kent
Muskegon
Ottawa
3240 Harrisburg-Leban- Carlisle,PA Cumberland Cumberland Cumberland Cumberland Cumberland Cumberland
Dauphin Dauphin Dauphin Dauphin Dauphin Dauphin
Perry Perry Lebanon Lebanon
Perry Perry
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
3280 Hartford, CT Hartford Hartford Hartford (p) Hartford (p) Hartford (p) Hartford (p)
Middlesex Litchfield (p) Litchfield (p) Litchfield (p)
Tolland Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p)
New London (p) New London (p) New London (p)
Tolland (p) Tolland (p) Tolland (p)
Windham (p)
3281 Bristol, CT Hartford (p) Hartford (p) Hartford (p)
Litchfield (p) Litchfield (p) Litchfield (p)
3282 Middletown, CT Middlesex (p)
3283 New Britain, CT Hartford (p) Hartford (p) Hartford (p)
3480 Indianapolis, IN Marion Marion Boone Boone Boone Boone
Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton
Hancock Hancock Hancock Hancock
Hendricks Hendricks Hendricks Hendricks
Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson
Marion Marion Marion Madison
Morgan Morgan Morgan Marion
Shelby Shelby Shelby Morgan
3760 Kansas City, MO-KS Jackson Cass** Cass Cass Cass Johnson, KS
Wyandotte, KS Clay** Clay Clay Clay Leavenworth, KS
Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Miami, KS
Johnson, KS Platte Platte Lafayette Wyandotte, KS
Wyandotte, KS Johnson, KS Ray Platte Cass
Wyandotte, KS Johnson, KS Ray Clay
Wyandotte, KS Johnson, KS Clinton
Leavenworth, KS Jackson
Miami, KS Lafayette
Wyandotte, KS Platte
Ray
4360 Lincoln, NE Lancaster Lancaster Lancaster Lancaster Lancaster Lancaster
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
4480 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA# Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles
Orange Orange
San Bernardino
4481 Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA Orange Orange Orange
4520 Louisville, KY-IN Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Bullitt Bullitt Bullitt
Clark, IN Clark, IN Clark, IN Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson
Floyd, IN Floyd, IN Floyd, IN Oldham Oldham Oldham
Clark, IN Shelby Scott, IN
Floyd, IN Clark, IN Clark, IN
Floyd, IN Floyd, IN
Harrison, IN Harrison, IN
4760 Manchester, NH Hillsborough Hillsborough Hillsborough (p) Hillsborough (p) Hillsborough (p) Hillsborough (p)
Merrimack (p) Merrimack (p) Merrimack (p) Merrimack (p)
Rockingham (p) Rockingham (p) Rockingham (p)
4920 Memphis, TN-AR-MS Shelby Shelby Shelby Shelby Shelby Shelby
Crittenden, AR Tipton Tipton Tipton
Crittendon, AR Crittendon, AR Crittendon, AR
De Soto, MS De Soto, MS De Soto, MS
5080 Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI Milwaukee Milwaukee Milwaukee Milwaukee Milwaukee Milwaukee
Waukesha Waukesha Ozaukee Ozaukee Ozaukee Ozaukee
Washington Washington Washington Washington
Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
5120 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN Hennepin Anoka** Anoka Anoka Anoka Anoka
Ramsey Dakota** Dakota Carver Carver Carver
Hennepin Hennepin Chisago Chisago Chisago
Ramsey Ramsey Dakota Dakota Dakota
Washington Hennepin Hennepin Hennepin
Ramsey Isanti Isanti
Scott Ramsey Ramsey
Washington Scott Scott
Wright Sherburne Sherburne
St. Croix, Wi Washington Washington
Wright Wright
St. Croix, Wi St. Croix, WI
Pierce, WI
5360 Nashville, TN Davidson Davidson Davidson Cheathem Cheathem Cheathem
Sumner Davidson Davidson Davidson
Williamson Dickson Dickson Dickson
Robertson Robertson Robertson
Rutherford Rutherford Rutherford
Sumner Sumner Sumner
Williamson Williamson Williamson
Wilson Wilson Wilson
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
5480 New Haven-Meriden, CT New Haven New Haven New Haven (p) Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p) Middlesex (p)
Litchfield New Haven (p) New Haven (p) New Haven (p)
5560 New Orleans, LA Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson
Orleans Orleans Orleans Orleans Orleans Orleans
St. Bernard** St. Bernard St. Bernard St. Bernard St. Bernard
St. Tammany St. Tammany St. Charles St. Charles
St. John The Baptist St. John the Baptist
St. Tammany St. Tammany
Plaquemines
St. James
5600 New York, NY# Bronx Bronx Bronx Bronx Bronx Bronx
Kings Kings Kings Kings Kings Kings
Nassau Nassau New York New York New York New York
New York New York Queens Putnam Putnam Putnam
Queens Queens Richmond Queens Queens Queens
Richmond Richmond Nassau Richmond Richmond Richmond
Rockland Rockland Rockland Rockland Rockland Rockland
Suffolk Westchester Suffolk Westchester Westchester Westchester
Westchester Bergen, NJ Westchester Bergen, NJ
Bergen, NJ Essex, NJ
Essex, NJ Hudson, NJ
Hudson, NJ Middlesex, NJ
Middlesex, NJ Morris, NJ
Morris, NJ Passaic, NJ
Passaic, NJ Somerset, NJ
Somerset, NJ Suffolk, NJ
Union, NJ Union, NJ
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
5601 Nassau-Suffolk, NY Nassau Nassau
Suffolk Suffolk
5602 Bergen-Passaic/Paterson-Clifton, NJ# Bergen Passaic Bergen
Passaic Passaic
5603 Jersey City, NJ Hudson Hudson Hudson
5604 Middlesex-Somerset- Hunt, NJ Hunterdon
Middlesex
Somerset
5605 Newark, NJ Essex Essex Essex Essex
Morris Morris Morris Morris
Union Somerset Sussex Sussex
Union Union Union
Warren
5920 Omaha, NE-IA Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas
Pottawattamie, IA Sarpy Sarpy Sarpy Sarpy Sarpy
Pottawattamie, IA Pottawattamie, IA Pottawattamie, IA Washington Washington
Pottawattamie, IA Pottawattamie, IA
Cass, NE
6120 Peoria, IL Peoria Peoria Peoria Peoria Peoria Peoria
Tazewell Tazewell Tazewell Tazewell Tazewell Tazewell
Woodford Woodford Woodford Woodford
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
6160 Philadelphia, PA-NJ Bucks Bucks Bucks Bucks Bucks Bucks, PA
Delaware Chester** Chester Chester Chester Chester, PA
Montgomery Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware, PA
Philadelphia Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery, PA
Burlington, NJ Philadelphiaia Philadelphiaia Philadelphiaia Philadelphiaia Philadelphia, PA
Camden, NJ Burlington, NJ Burlington, NJ Burlington, NJ Burlington, NJ Burlington, NJ
Gloucester, NJ Camden, NJ Camden, NJ Camden, NJ Camden, NJ Camden, NJ
Gloucester, NJ Gloucester, NJ Gloucester, NJ Gloucester, NJ Gloucester, NJ
Salem, NJ
6280 Pittsburgh, PA Allegheny Allegheny Allegheny Allegheny Allegheny Allegheny
Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Fayette Fayette
Westmoreland Washington** Washington Washington Washington Washington
Westmoreland Westmoreland Westmoreland Westmoreland Westmoreland
Beaver Beaver
Butler
6400 Portland, ME Cumberland Cumberland (p) Cumberland (p) Cumberland (p) Cumberland (p) Cumberland (p)
York (p) York (p) York (p)
6440 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA Clackamas Clackamas Clackamas Clackamas Clackamas Clackamas
Multnomah Multnomah Multnomah Multnomah Multnomah Multnomah
Washington** Washington Washington Washington Washington
Clark, WA Clark, WA Clark, WA Yamhill Yamhill
6441 Vancouver, WA Clark, WA Columbia
Clark, WA
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
6480 Providence, RI Bristol Bristol Bristol Bristol Bristol Bristol
Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent (p)
Providence Providence Newport (p) Newport (p) Newport (p) Newport (p)
Providence (p) Providence (p) Providence (p) Providence (p)
Washington (p) Washington (p) Washington (p) Washington (p)
Bristol, MA (p) Bristol, MA (p) Bristol, MA (p)
Norfolk, MA (p) Norfolk, MA (p)
Worcester, MA (p) Worcester, MA (p)
6481 Fall River, MA-RI Bristol Bristol Bristol (p) Bristol (p) Bristol (p)
Newport, RI (p) Newport, RI (p) Newport, RI (p)
6482 Pawtuckett,RI-MA Providence (p)
Bristol, MA (p)
Norfolk, MA (p)
Worcester, MA (p)
6680 Reading, PA Berks Berks Berks Berks Berks Berks
6760 Richmond-Petersburg, VA# Chesterfield Chesterfield Chesterfield Charles City Charles City Charles City
Henrico Henrico Hanover Chesterfield Chesterfield Chesterfield
Richmond City*** Richmond City*** Henrico Goochland Dinwiddie Dinwiddie
Richmond City*** Hanover Goochland Goochland
Henrico Hanover Hanover
New Kent Henrico Henrico
Powhatan New Kent New Kent
Richmond City*** Powhatan Powhatan
Prince George Prince George
Richmond City*** Richmond City***
Colonial Heights City***
Hopewell City***
Petersburg City***
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
6761 Petersburg-Col. Heights- Hopewell, VA Prince George Prince George
Dinwiddie Dinwiddie
6840 Rochester, NY Monroe Monroe Livingston Livingston Livingston Livingston
Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe
Orleans Ontario Ontario Ontario
Wayne Orleans Orleans Orleans
Wayne Wayne Wayne
Genesee
7000 St. Joseph, MO Buchanan Buchanan Buchanan Andrew Buchanan Andrew
Buchanan Buchanan
7040 St. Louis, MO-IL# St. Louis St. Charles Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin
St. Louis City*** St. Louis Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson
Madison, IL St. Louis City*** St. Charles St. Charles St. Charles St. Charles
St. Clair, IL Madison, IL St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis St. Louis
St. Clair, IL St. Louis City*** St. Louis City*** St. Louis City*** St. Louis City***
Madison, IL Clinton, IL Clinton, IL Clinton, IL
St. Clair, IL Madison, IL Jersey, IL Jersey, IL
Monroe, IL Madison, IL Madison, IL
St. Clair, IL Monroe, IL Monroe, IL
St. Clair, IL St. Clair, IL
Crawford (p)
Lincoln
Warren
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
7160 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT# Salt Lake Salt Lake Davis Davis Davis Davis
Salt Lake Salt Lake Salt Lake Salt Lake
Tooele Weber Weber
Weber
7161 Ogden, UT Weber** Weber
7240 San Antonio, TX Bexar Bexar Bexar Bexar Bexar Bexar
Guadalupe Comal Comal Comal
Guadalupe Guadalupe Guadalupe
Wilson
7360 San Francisco-Oakland, CA# Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Marin Marin
San Francisco
Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa San Francisco San Mateo
Marin Marin Marin Marin San Mateo
San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco
San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo
Santa Clara Solano
7361 Oakland, CA Alameda
Contra Costa
7362 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA Napa Napa Napa
Solano Solano Solano
7520 Savannah, GA Chatham Chatham Chatham Bryan Chatham Chatham
Chatham Effingham Effingham
Effingham Bryan
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
7560 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, Hazleton, PA Lackawanna Lackawanna Lackawanna Lackawanna Columbia Columbia
Luzerne Lackawanna Lackawanna
Monroe Luzerne Luzerne
Monroe Wyoming
Wyoming
7561 Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton, PA Luzerne Luzerne Luzerne
7600 Seattle-Everett, WA King King King King King King
Snohomish Snohomish Snohomish Snohomish Snohomish Snohomish
Island
8000 Springfield-Holyhoke, MA Hampden Hampden Hampden Hampden Hampden Hamden (p)
Hampshire Hampshire Hampshire Hampshire Hampshire Hampshire (p)
Worcester (p) Worcester (p) Franklin (p)
Tolland, CT (p) Tolland, CT (p)
8160 Syracuse, NY Onondaga Onondaga Madison Madison Madison Madison
Onondaga Onondaga Onondaga Onondaga
Oswego Oswego Oswego Oswego
Cayuga
8400 Toledo, OH-MI Lucas Lucas Lucas Fulton Fulton Fulton
Wood Wood Lucas Lucas Lucas
Monroe, MI Ottawa Wood Wood
Wood
Monroe, MI
8480 Trenton, NJ Mercer Mercer Mercer Mercer Mercer Mercer
8680 Utica-Rome, NY Herkimer Herkimer Herkimer Herkimer Herkimer Herkimer
Oneida Oneida Oneida Oneida Oneida Oneida
Code City/State 1930 1940-1950 1970 1980 1990 2000-2011
8840 Washington DC- MD/VA/WV# Washington District of Columbia District of Columbia District of Columbia District of Columbia District of Columbia
Montgomery, MD Montgomery, MD Montgomery, MD Charles, MD Calvert, MD Calvert, MD
Prince George's, MD Prince George's, MD Prince George's, MD Montgomery, MD Charles, MD Charles, MD
Alexandria City*** Alexandria City*** Alexandria City*** Prince George's, MD Frederick, MD Frederick, MD
Arlington, VA Arlington, VA Arlington, VA Alexandria City*** Montgomery, MD Montgomery, MD
Fairfax, VA Fairfax, VA Arlington, VA Prince George's, MD Prince George's, MD
Falls Church City, VA Loudoun, VA Fairfax, VA Alexandria City*** Arlington, VA
Prince William, VA Loudoun, VA Arlington, VA Clarke, VA
Fairfax City, VA Prince William, VA Fairfax, VA Culpeper, VA
Loudoun, VA Fairfax, VA
Prince William, VA Fauquier, VA
Stafford, VA King George, VA
Loudoun, VA
Prince William, VA
Spotsylvania, VA
Stafford, VA
Warren, VA
Alexandria City, VA
Fairfax City, VA
Falls Church City, VA
Fredericksburg City, VA
Manassas City, VA
Manassas Park City, VA
Berkeley, WV
Jefferson, WV
9160 Wilmington, DE-NJ-MD New Castle New Castle New Castle New Castle New Castle New Castle
Salem, NJ Salem, NJ Salem, NJ Salem, NJ Salem, NJ Cecil, MD
Cecil, MD Cecil, MD Cecil, MD
9240 Worcester, MA Worcester Worcester Worcester (p) Worcester (p) Worcester (p) Worcester (p)
Windham, CT (p)
Hampden, MA (p)

Table Notes:

** County became part of metropolitan area in 1950.

*** Independent City, not politically incorporated within a county.

(p) Part of county.

# Area-Specific Notes

Baltimore, MD Baltimore became an independent Cityin the 1850s.

Bergen/Passaic, NJ In 1970, Bergen and Passiac counties were included in the Paterson/Clifton, NJ metro area. Passaic County remained in the Paterson/Clifton metro in 1980 but Bergen County was defined as part of the New York metro area. In 1990, the two counties were defined as their own metro area.

Boston, MA The 1940 and 1950 PUMS use New England County Metropolitan Areas. All other samples use towns and cities rather than counties.

Boulder, CO Boulder was included in the Denver metro area in 1970 and 1980 but was made a separate Primary Metro in 1990.

Buffalo, NY The Census Bureau identified Niagara Falls as a Primary Metro in 1990. From 1920 to 1980 Niagara Falls is separate metropolitan area.

Chicago, IL Gary-Hammond, IN is designated as a separate metropolitan area beginning in 1970.

Denver, CO Between 1900 and 1910, Denver became an independent city. In 1900 Denver was a part of Arapahoe County but annexed territory from that county and became independent by 1910. The only area meeting the criteria for metropolitan status in 1910 and 1920 was the Cityof Denver. Boulder was included in the Denver metropolitan area in 1970 and 1980 but was made a separate Primary Metro in 1990.

Gary-Hammond, IN Gary-Hammond, IN is designated as a separate metropolitan area beginning in 1970.

Los Angeles, CA San Bernardino was included in Los Angeles in 1930 but became an independent metropolitan are from 1930 through 1990.

New York, NY The New York metropolitan area has substantial rearrangement of counties due to the splitting of the area into smaller Primary Metros. This causes some counties, such as Bergen, to move among multiple metro areas over the last forty years. (See Bergen/Passaic, above, and Paterson/Clifton, below).

Paterson/Clifton, NJ In 1970, Bergen and Passiac counties were included in the Paterson/Clifton, NJ metro area. Passaic County remained in the Paterson/Clifton metro in 1980 but Bergen County was defined as part of the New York metro area. In 1990, the two counties were defined as their own metro area.

Richmond, VA The independent Cityof Manchester is included in the Richmond metropolitan area in 1900 and 1910. Richmond annexed Manchester between 1900 and 1910. Since Richmond also annexed part of Henricko County, the unannexed remainder of Henrico County failed to meet the criteria for inclusion in the metro area in 1920.

Riverside-San Bernaradino, CA See Los Angeles, above.

St. Louis, MO The Cityof St. Louis was an independent Cityby 1880.

Salt Lake City, UT Ogden, UT, was a separate metropolitan area in 1940 and 1950 but was combined with Salt Lake City in 1980.

San Francisco, CA Alameda and Contra Costa counties were split from the San Francisco metropolitan area in 1990 and became the Oakland metropolitan area. Solano County was part of the San Francisco metro area in 1940 and 1950, failed to meet metro criteria in 1960 but emerged as the separate metro area of Vallejo from 1970 to 1990.

Springfield, OH Springfield was a separate metropolitan area from 1920 to 1980 but was included in the Dayton metropolitan area in 1990.

Vallejo, CA See San Francisco, above.

Washington, DC Alexandria was an independent Cityby 1900. Arlington County changed its name from Alexandria County between 1910 and 1920.

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