Incompletely Identified Metropolitan Areas

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The source data for the 1980 5% sample and all later samples provide no specific information about metro area of residence. The most detailed geographic information available is for 1980 county groups or for PUMAs, areas which occasionally straddle official metro area boundaries. If any portion of a straddling area’s population resided outside a single metro area, the METAREA variable uses a conservative assignment strategy and identifies no metro area for all residents of the straddling area.

As a result, for samples since 1980, the populations of many metro areas are only partially identified by METAREA codes. The table below lists the percent of each metro area's population that resides in areasnot identified in each sample. Blank entries indicate metro areas that are either completely identified or completely omitted (either because the metro area was not defined at that time or because no county group or PUMA was located entirely within the metro area). Records for areas that straddled metro area boundaries are coded as "not identifiable" in the METAREA and METRO variables. Accordingly, population estimates for metro areas generated using METAREA will be low by approximately the proportions indicated below.

Users should not assume that the identified portion of a partly identified metro area is a representative sample of the entire metro area. In fact, because the unidentified population is located in areas that straddle the metro area boundaries, the identified population will often skew toward core populations and omit outlying communities. The specific parts of each metro area that were not identified can be determined by consulting the PUMA, Super-PUMA, and County Group contents files through the Geographic Tools page.

ACS and PRCS Samples

The ACS/PRCS statistics below apply only to the 2005-2011 American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey samples. Because the smallest geographic units identified in these ACS/PRCS samples are 2000 PUMAs, IPUMS uses the same METAREA designations for these ACS/PRCS samples as for the 2000 5% sample. The ACS/PRCS statistics below are also based on 2000 populations, so they are identical to the statistics for 2000 5% data.

The 2012 ACS and PRCS PUMS were the first to use 2010 PUMAs and not 2000 PUMAs. In addition, official metro area delineations and codes have changed substantially since the 2000 census. IPUMS has not yet extended METAREA to use the new PUMA and metro area definitions. Instead, for 2012 samples, IPUMS has created a new variable, MET2013, which identifies official 2013 metropolitan areas associated with 2010 PUMAs using an alternative assignment method that yields more representative samples of metro area populations than METAREA. See the MET2013 description for more details on the method, and see the MET2013ERR variable to find the errors of omission and commission for MET2013 designations.

Percent of Metropolitan Area Population Residing in Areas with No METAREA Designation
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% 1990 5% 1990 1% 1980 5% 1960 5%
Abilene, TX 0040 20% 16%
Aguadilla, PR 0060 23%
Akron, OH 0080
Albany, GA 0120
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 0160 9% 21% 11% 5% 7%
Albuquerque, NM 0200 22%
Alexandria, LA 0220 11%
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA/NJ 0240 22% 22% 17%
Altoona, PA 0280
Amarillo, TX 0320
Anchorage, AK 0380
Anderson, IN 0400
Ann Arbor, MI 0440 17%
Anniston, AL 0450
Appleton-Oskosh-Neenah, WI 0460
Arecibo, PR 0470 43% 29% 25%
Asheville, NC 0480
Athens, GA 0500
Atlanta, GA 0520 3% 6% 14% 12% 9%
Atlantic City, NJ 0560 30% 30%
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC 0600 5% 12%
Austin, TX 0640 7% 27% 8% 44%
Bakersfield, CA 0680
Baltimore, MD 0720 2% 12% 1% 8%
Bangor, ME 0730
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA 0740 11%
Baton Rouge, LA 0760 4% 4% 38%
Battle Creek, MI 0780 24%
Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange, TX 0840 20%
Bellingham, WA 0860
Benton Harbor, MI 0870
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Billings, MT 0880
Biloxi-Gulfport, MS 0920 12% 18%
Binghamton, NY 0960 20% 29% 6%
Birmingham, AL 1000 13% 39% 12% 8%
Bismarck, ND 1010
Bloomington, IN 1020
Bloomington-Normal, IL 1040
Boise City, ID 1080
Boston, MA 1120 16% 7% 2% 15% 27%
Lawrence-Haverhill, MA/NH 1121 33% 69% 28% 37%
Lowell, MA/NH 1122 4% 3% 3% 55%
Salem-Gloucester, MA 1123 2%
Bradenton, FL 1140
Bremerton, WA 1150
Bridgeport, CT 1160 25% 42% 37% 34%
Brockton, MA 1200 44% 41%
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX 1240
Bryan-College Station, TX 1260
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY 1280
Niagara Falls, NY 1281
Burlington, NC 1300
Burlington, VT 1310
Canton, OH 1320 7% 6% 22%
Caguas, PR 1330 56% 23%
Casper, WY 1350
Cedar Rapids, IA 1360
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul, IL 1400
Charleston-N.Charleston,SC 1440 18% 18%
Charleston, WV 1480 59%
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, SC 1520 54% 12%
Charlottesville, VA 1540
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Chattanooga, TN/GA 1560 6% 8% 8% 16%
Cheyenne, WY 1580
Chicago-Gary-Lake IL 1600 1% 1% 2%
Aurora-Elgin, IL 1601 11%
Gary-Hammond-East Chicago, IN 1602 23%
Joliet, IL 1603
Lake County, IL 1604
Chico, CA 1620
Cincinnati, OH/KY/IN 1640 10% 49% 12% 12% 8%
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN/KY 1660 35% 41%
Cleveland, OH 1680 4% 8%
Colorado Springs, CO 1720 20% 3%
Columbia, MO 1740
Columbia, SC 1760
Columbus, GA/AL 1800 32% 29% 27%
Columbus, OH 1840 6% 31% 4%
Corpus Christi, TX 1880 17% 18% 24%
Cumberland, MD/WV 1900 74%
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX 1920 4% 11% 4%
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 1921 2% 10% 12%
Danbury, CT 1930 16% 29%
Danville, VA 1950
Davenport, IA / Rock Island-Moline, IL 1960 26% 15% 15%
Dayton-Springfield, OH 2000 41% 10%
Daytona Beach, FL 2020 10%
Decatur, AL 2030
Decatur, IL 2040
Denver, CO 2080 6% 6% 4% 2% 7%
Boulder-Longmont, CO 2081 24%
Des Moines, IA 2120 18% 17% 10%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Detroit, MI 2160 6% 2% 2%
Dothan, AL 2180
Dubuque, IA 2200
Duluth-Superior, MN/WI 2240 18% 17% 17% 16%
Eau Claire, WI 2290
El Paso, TX 2310
Elkhart-Goshen, IN 2320
Elmira, NY 2330
Enid, OK 2340
Erie, PA 2360
Eugene-Springfield, OR 2400
Evansville, IN/KY 2440 15% 46% 29%
Fargo-Moorhead, ND/MN 2520 29% 37%
Fayetteville, NC 2560
Fayetteville-Springdale, AR 2580 44%
Fitchburg-Leominster, MA 2600
Flagstaff, AZ 2620 5%
Flint, MI 2640 45% 41% 14% 7%
Florence, AL 2650
Florence, SC 2660
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO 2670 5%
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach, FL 2680
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL 2700
Fort Pierce, FL 2710
Fort Smith, AR/OK 2720 19%
Fort Walton Beach, FL 2750
Fort Wayne, IN 2760 8% 8% 17% 23%
Fresno, CA 2840 13%
Gadsden, AL 2880
Gainesville, FL 2900 11% 11%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Galveston-Texas City, TX 2920
Glens Falls, NY 2970
Grand Forks, ND/MN 2990
Grand Rapids, MI 3000 10% 10%
Grand Junction, CO 3010 3%
Great Falls, MT 3040
Greeley, CO 3060
Green Bay, WI 3080
Greensboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC 3120 10% 19%
Greenville-Spartenburg-Anderson, SC 3160 17% 15% 15% 14%
Anderson, SC 3161
Hagerstown, MD 3180
Hamilton-Middleton, OH 3200
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA 3240 15%
Hartford-Bristol-Middleton-New Britian, CT 3280 40% 62% 36% 4% 22% 11%
Bristol, CT 3281
Middletown, CT 3282
New Britain, CT 3283 26% 26%
Hickory-Morgantown, NC 3290 47% 19%
Honolulu, HI 3320 33%
Houma-Thibodoux, LA 3350 46%
Houston-Brazoria, TX 3360 2% 6%
Brazoria, TX 3361
Huntington-Ashland, WV/KY/OH 3400 66% 58%
Huntsville, AL 3440
Indianapolis, IN 3480 18% 4%
Iowa City, IA 3500
Jackson, MI 3520
Jackson, MS 3560 36% 22%
Jacksonville, FL 3590 26% 26% 7%
Jacksonville, NC 3600 56%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Jamestown-Dunkirk, NY 3610
Janesville-Beloit, WI 3620
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN/VA 3660 35% 34% 1% 67%
Johnstown, PA 3680 31%
Joplin, MO 3710
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI 3720 46% 24% 5%
Kankakee, IL 3740
Kansas City, MO-KS 3760 5% 14% 6% 6% 9%
Kenosha, WI 3800
Killeen-Temple, TX 3810 25%
Knoxville, TN 3840 16% 31% 16%
Kokomo, IN 3850
LaCrosse, WI 3870 16%
Lafayette, LA 3880 35% 21%
Lafayette-W. Lafayette,IN 3920
Lake Charles, LA 3960 32%
Lakeland-Winterhaven, FL 3980
Lancaster, PA 4000
Lansing-E. Lansing, MI 4040 11%
Laredo, TX 4080
Las Cruces, NM 4100
Las Vegas, NV 4120 12% 12%
Lawrence, KS 4150
Lawton, OK 4200
Lewiston-Auburn, ME 4240
Lexington-Fayette, KY 4280 46% 35% 36%
Lima, OH 4320 29% 51%
Lincoln, NE 4360
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR 4400 19%
Longview-Marshall, TX 4420 17%
Lorain-Elyria, OH 4440
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 4480
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove, CA 4481
Louisville, KY/IN 4520 10% 32% 14% 24% 16%
Lubbock, TX 4600
Lynchburg, VA 4640 51%
Macon-Warner Robins, GA 4680 47% 41% 22%
Madison, WI 4720
Manchester, NH 4760 46% 26% 29% 8%
Mansfield, OH 4800 27%
Mayaguez, PR 4840 53%
McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr-Mission, TX 4880
Medford, OR 4890
Melbourne-Titusville-Cocoa-Palm Bay, FL 4900
Memphis, TN/AR/MS 4920 12% 54% 16% 15%
Merced, CA 4940
Miami-Hialeah, FL 5000 1% 16% 9% 1%
Midland, TX 5040
Milwaukee, WI 5080
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 5120 3% 11% 7% 3%
Mobile, AL 5160 21% 18%
Modesto, CA 5170
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 5190
Monroe, LA 5200
Montgomery, AL 5240 29% 25%
Muncie, IN 5280
Muskegon-Norton Shores-Muskegon Heights, MI 5320
Naples, FL 5340
Nashua, NH 5350 39% 44%
Nashville, TN 5360 29%
New Bedford, MA 5400 34% 28%
New Haven-Meriden, CT 5480 34% 56% 26% 41% 51%
New London-Norwich, CT/RI 5520 54% 60%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
New Orleans, LA 5560 7% 30% 24% 7% 8%
New York, NY 5600 7% 1% 1% 1%
Nassau-Suffolk, NY 5601
Bergen-Passaic, NJ 5602
Jersey City, NJ 5603
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ 5604 14%
Newark, NJ 5605 7%
Newburgh-Middletown, NY 5660 12%
Norfolk-VA Beach-Newport News, VA 5720 1% 1% 13% 1% 11%
Norwalk, CT 5760 12% 30%
Ocala, FL 5790
Odessa, TX 5800
Oklahoma City, OK 5880 17% 53% 9% 11%
Olympia, WA 5910
Omaha, NE/IA 5920 18% 18% 13% 30% 12%
Orange County, NY 5950
Orlando, FL 5960
Owensboro, KY 5990
Panama City, FL 6010
Parkersburg-Marietta,WV/OH 6020
Pascagoula-Moss Point, MS 6030
Pensacola, FL 6080
Peoria, IL 6120 10% 9% 30%
Philadelphia, PA/NJ 6160 4% 2%
Phoenix, AZ 6200 6% 6%
Pine Bluff, AR 6240
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 6280 3% 38% 7%
Beaver County 6281
Pittsfield, MA 6320 22%
Ponce, PR 6360 48% 19% 13%
Portland, ME 6400 1% 1% 10%
Portland-Vancouver, OR 6440 7% 25% 5% 5%
Vancouver, WA 6441
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester, NH/ME 6450
Poughkeepsie, NY 6460
Providence-Fall River-Pawtuckett, MA 6480 14% 48% 60% 24% 38% 34%
Fall River, MA/RI 6481 20% 11%
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro, RI-MA 6482 67% 34%
Provo-Orem, UT 6520
Pueblo, CO 6560 5% 26%
Racine, WI 6600
Raleigh-Durham, NC 6640 47% 18% 15%
Rapid City, SD 6660
Reading, PA 6680
Redding, CA 6690
Reno, NV 6720 47%
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA 6740 24%
Richmond-Petersburg, VA 6760 41% 15%
Riverside-San Bernadino,CA 6780 17% 32%
Roanoke, VA 6800 46% 39%
Rochester, MN 6820
Rochester, NY 6840 6% 58% 4% 28% 5%
Rockford, IL 6880 14% 10% 30%
Sacramento, CA 6920
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI 6960 19%
St. Cloud, MN 6980 38% 34%
St. Joseph, MO 7000
St. Louis, MO-IL 7040 3% 5% 5%
Salem, OR 7080 18% 18% 13% 18%
Salinas-Sea Side-Monterey, CA 7120 30%
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT 7160 32% 3%
San Angelo, TX 7200
San Antonio, TX 7240 2% 13% 9% 8%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
San Diego, CA 7320
San Francisco, CA 7360 14%
Oakland, CA 7361
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA 7362
San Juan, PR 7440 9% 63% 20%
San Jose, CA 7400
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA 7470
Santa Cruz, CA 7480
Santa Fe, NM 7490
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA 7500
Sarasota, FL 7510
Savannah, GA 7520 21% 11% 12%
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA 7560 25% 11% 52%
Seattle-Everett, WA 7600 3% 3%
Sharon, PA 7610
Sheboygan, WI 7620
Sherman-Denison, TX 7640
Shreveport, LA 7680 20%
Sioux City, IA/NE 7720 16% 14%
Sioux Falls, SD 7760 28%
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN 7800 14%
Spokane, WA 7840
Springfield, IL 7880 45% 6% 6%
Springfield, MO 7920 14% 11% 51%
Springfield-Holyoke-Chicopee, MA 8000 17% 32% 2% 40%
Stamford, CT 8040 47% 48%
State College, PA 8050
Steubenville-Weirton,OH/WV 8080 70%
Stockton, CA 8120
Syracuse, NY 8160 10% 10% 8%
Tacoma, WA 8200
Tallahassee, FL 8240 45% 7%
Metropolitan Area IPUMS code 2000 5% & ACS/PRCS 2000 1% data 1990 5% data 1990 1% data 1980 5% data 1960 5% data
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 8280
Terre Haute, IN 8320 19% 36%
Texarkana, TX/AR 8360
Toledo, OH/MI 8400 6% 10% 9%
Topeka, KS 8440
Trenton, NJ 8480
Tucson, AZ 8520
Tulsa, OK 8560 13% 13% 15% 17%
Tuscaloosa, AL 8600
Tyler, TX 8640
Utica-Rome, NY 8680 21% 21%
Ventura-Oxnard-Simi Valley 8730
Victoria, TX 8750
Vineland-Milville-Bridgetown, NJ 8760
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA 8780
Waco, TX 8800
Washington, DC/MD/VA 8840 4% 13% 3% 6% 2% 1%
Waterbury, CT 8880 53% 51% 55% 41%
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA 8920 16%
Wausau, WI 8940
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach, FL 8960
Wheeling, WV/OH 9000
Wichita, KS 9040 17% 11% 5%
Wichita Falls, TX 9080 6% 7% 5%
Williamsport, PA 9140
Wilmington, DE/NJ/MD 9160 15% 24% 24% 16%
Wilmington, NC 9200 26%
Worcester, MA 9240 44% 37% 57% 42%
Yakima, WA 9260
York, PA 9280 19%
Youngstown-Warren, OH-PA 9320 19%
Yuba City, CA 9340
Yuma, AZ 9360

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