Summary of 1990 Census Edit and Allocation Procedures

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The edit and allocation procedures for the 1990 census were never published by the Census Bureau. The material in this section was included in a March 20, 1997 memo from the Bureau to the Historical Census Projects. In the original memorandum, each variable description included a display of the original census question(s) involved. Users can view the entire 1980 Census form in Section 3.2 of this volume.

ANCESTR1 / ANCESTR2

Ancestry, 1^st and 2^nd Response
Flag Name: QANCEST1 and QANCEST2

Pre-edits: The order of pre-edits is the priority for the changes.

1. If 1^st ancestry and/or 2^nd ancestry are blank, change either/both to not reported.
2. If 1^st ancestry is deferred, change to uncodable.
3. If 2^nd ancestry is mixed, uncodable, or deferred, change to not reported.
4. If 1^st ancestry is not "American," "White," or miscellaneous and 2^nd ancestry is "American," "White," or miscellaneous, change 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
5. If 1^st ancestry is "White," "States, US" or miscellaneous and 2^nd ancestry is "American," change 1^st ancestry to "American" and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
6. If 1^st ancestry is "States, US" or miscellaneous and 2^nd ancestry is not "States, US" or miscellaneous (001-939), change 1^st ancestry to 2^nd ancestry and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
7. If 1^st ancestry is "White" and 2^nd ancestry is "States, US" or miscellaneous, do not change 1^st ancestry and change 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
8. If 1^st ancestry is Scandinavian and 2^nd ancestry is Danish, Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian, or Swedish, change Scandinavian (1^st ancestry) to more specific ancestry and change 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
9. If 1^st ancestry is French and 2^nd ancestry is Canadian, change 1^st ancestry to French Canadian and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
10. If 1^st ancestry is Scotch or Irish and 2^nd ancestry is Irish or Scotch, change 1^st ancestry to Scotch Irish and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
11. If 1^st ancestry is Black or German and 2^nd ancestry is German or Black, change1st ancestry to Black German and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
12. If 1^st ancestry is Black or Irish and 2^nd ancestry is Irish or Black, change 1^st ancestry to Black Irish and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
13. If 1^st ancestry is Black or Dutch and 2^nd ancestry is Dutch or Black, change 1^st ancestry to Black Dutch and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
14. If 1^st ancestry is Black or Russian and 2^nd ancestry is Russian or Black, change 1^st ancestry to Black Russian and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
15. If 1^st ancestry is Black or Thai and 2^nd ancestry is Thai or Black, change 1^st ancestry to Black Thai and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
16. If 1^st or 2^nd ancestry is reserved code 863, change 1^st or 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
17. If 1^st or 2^nd ancestry is reserved code 864, change 1^st or 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
18. If 1^st ancestry is Mexican or American and 2^nd ancestry is American or Mexican, change 1^st ancestry to Mexican American and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.
19. If 1^st ancestry is Spanish or American and 2^nd ancestry is American or Spanish, change 1^st ancestry to Spanish American and 2^nd ancestry to not reported.

CITIZEN & YRIMMIG

Pre-Edits:

1. If BPL is a State or Puerto Rico or outlying area, then CITIZEN must be 0 (born in the U.S.) or 1 (born in Puerto Rico, Guam or outlying area). All other values are declared invalid and marked for allocation.
2. If BPL is not a State, Puerto Rico or outlying area then the value of CITIZEN must be 2 (born abroad of American parents), 3 (U.S. citizen by naturalization) or 4 (not a citizen of the U.S.). All other values are declared invalid and marked for allocation.
3. If subject is born abroad and the subject's parents are present in the household, check CITIZEN value of parents. If subject's CITIZEN code is 2 (born abroad of American parents), then parents' CITIZEN codes must be 0 (born in the U.S.), 1 (born in Puerto Rico, Guam or outlying area), or 2 (born abroad of American parents). If not, subject's CITIZEN entry is declared invalid and marked for allocation.
4. If CITIZEN is 0 (born in the U.S.), then YRIMMIG must be blank. If an entry is given for YRIMMIG, change it to blank.
5. If CITIZEN is 3 (U.S. citizen by naturalization) or 4 (not a citizen of the U.S.), then YRIMMIG must have a value greater than 0. If not, mark record for allocation.
6. If CITIZEN is 3 or 4 and YRIMMIG has an entry greater than 0, check that subject's YRIMMIG value is consistent with subject's AGE. If YRIMMIG is out of the range for AGE, then YRIMMIG is declared invalid and marked for allocation.

Variables Used for Hot Deck Allocation:

• AGE
• RACE (white, Asian/Pacific, other non-Spanish, Hispanic)
• RELATE / CITIZEN —for within household citizenship information
• PARENT — Presence of subject's parents (yes/no)

EDUCATION

Universe check:

1. If subject is less than 3 years old, SCHOOL and YEARSCH must be coded 0 (N/A). Change non-zero entries to 0.

Pre-Edits:

1. Minimum grade of enrollment:
   1. If AGE is >8 and SCHOOL is yes, then YEARSCH must be ³ 3. If AGE is >9 and SCHOOL is yes, then YEARSCH must be ³ 4. If AGE is >15 and SCHOOL is yes, then YEARSCH must be ³ 5. If not, YEARSCH is blanked for subsequent allocation.
   2. If SCHOOL is yes, the following AGE/ YEARSCH values are valid but these records are not used as donor in the allocation procedure. If AGE is 7 or 8, YEARSCH values of 1 or 2 are allowed. If AGE is 9, a YEARSCH value of 3 is valid. If AGE is 10-15, a YEARSCH value of 4 is allowed.
2. Age-Grade Consistency Checks:
   1. If AGE is 3, a YEARSCH of £ 3 is allowed; a YEARSCH >3 is blanked for allocation.
   2. If AGE is 4-7, a YEARSCH of £ 4 is allowed; a YEARSCH >4 is blanked for allocation.
   3. If AGE is 8-11, a YEARSCH of £ 5 is allowed; a YEARSCH >5 is blanked for allocation.
   4. If AGE is 12, a YEARSCH of £ 6 is allowed; a YEARSCH >6 is blanked for allocation.
   5. If AGE is 13, a YEARSCH of £ 7 is allowed; a YEARSCH >7 is blanked for allocation.
   6. If AGE is 14, a YEARSCH of £ 8 is allowed; a YEARSCH >8 is blanked for allocation.
   7. If AGE is 15, a YEARSCH of £ 11 is allowed; a YEARSCH >11 is blanked for allocation.
   8. If AGE is 16-18, a YEARSCH of £ 13 is allowed; a YEARSCH >13 is blanked for allocation.
   9. If AGE is 19, a YEARSCH of £ 14 is allowed; a YEARSCH >14 is blanked for allocation.
   10. If AGE is 20, a YEARSCH of £ 15 is allowed; a YEARSCH >15 is blanked for allocation.
   11. If AGE is >20, a missing YEARSCH is allowed.
3. If the subject is between 3 and 17 years of AGE and no entry is given for YEARSCH, mark YEARSCH for allocation if SCHOOL is yes.
4. If the subject is between 3 and 17 years of age and no entry is given for YEARSCH, do not mark YEARSCH for allocation if SCHOOL is no.

Variables Used for Hot Deck Allocation:

• AGE (single years, 0-115)
• SEX
• SCHOOL — School enrollment (no, yes)
• YEARSCH — Educational attainment (years or degree completed)
• GQTYPE (not in GQ; institutions-inmates; institutions for mentally handicapped; non-institutional GQ; other GQ and dormitories)
• RACE / HISPANIC ORIGIN
  • -- If Household Population: (White & Asian, non-Hispanic; White, Asian and Other, Hispanic; Black; Other Races, non-Hispanic)
    -- If GQ Population: (White, Asian & Other, non-Hispanic; White, Asian and Other, Hispanic; Black)

CHBORN — Children Ever Born

Pre-Edit:

1. AGE / CHBORN consistency check: If AGE minus CHBORN ³ 11, CHBORN is valid. If AGE minus CHBORN is <11, mark CHBORN for allocation.

Variables Used in Hot Deck Allocation:

• SEX (females only)
• RACE / HISPANIC ORIGIN (Hispanic; White non-Hispanic; Black, non-Hispanic; Other)
• AGE (15, 16…14; 25…29, 30-34…45-49; 50-59; 60-69; 70+)
• MARST/HH — Marital & Household Status (now married; widowed/divorced; separated; never-married, householder; never-married, not a householder)

SPANISH/HISPANIC ORIGIN

Variables Used in Hot Deck Allocation:

• RELATE
• SEX
• RACE (American Indian Tribe; Asian or Pacific Islander Groups; Hispanic; Other Race (excluding Hispanic write-ins); White; Black; Eskimo; Aleut)
• BPL (U.S. States; U.S. outlying areas; Puerto Rico; Foreign Country — Hispanic; Foreign Country — Not Hispanic)
• ANCESTR1 (European; Hispanic; Other; American, U.S.; unclassifiable; not reported)
• ANCESTR2 (same as ANCESTR1)
• LANGUAGE (Spanish, Other language; not in universe; Language specified not on list; not reported)

Edit and Allocation Proceduress:

1. If the Other Hispanic circle is filled and:
   1. If special entry write-in is non-Hispanic, ignore write-in and code other Hispanic.
   2. If special entry write-in is a two-part non-Hispanic/Hispanic entry, assign specific Hispanic code using the second part of the write-in.
   3. If special entry write-in is non-Hispanic or American, assign code 400 (supporting evidence of being Hispanic found) if responses to ANCESTR1, ANCESTR2, BPL, RACE or LANGUAGE indicate Hispanic origin.
   4. If special entry write-in is non-Hispanic or American, assign code 005 if no response is given to ANCESTR1, ANCESTR2, BPL and LANGUAGE.
   5. If special entry write-in is American, assign code 401 (no supporting evidence of Hispanic origin).
   6. If special entry write-in is not Hispanic, assign code 199 (no supporting evidence of Hispanic origin).
   7. If there is no special entry write-in or it's uncodable, assign a specific Hispanic origin value using ANCESTR2, RACE, or BPL.
   8. If there is no special entry write-in or if it's uncodable, assign code 005 (no supporting evidence) if no response is given to ANCESTR2, RACE, or BPL.
2. If no circle is filled:
   1. Assign a specific Hispanic origin from the special entry write-in.
   2. Assign a Not Hispanic Origin code if the special entry write-in is a two-part non-Hispanic/Hispanic entry.
   3. Assign a Not Hispanic Origin code from the special entry write-in.
   4. If the special entry write-in is not reported, American or uncodable, assign a specific Hispanic origin code from the ANCESTR2, RACE or BPL entries.
   5. If the special entry write-in is not reported, American or uncodable, assign a Not Hispanic Origin code from the ANCESTR2, RACE or BPL entries.
   6. Assign origin of spouse from the householder.
   7. Assign origin of child, stepchild, grandchild from a female householder or a female spouse or a male householder, in that order.
   8. Assign origin of brother/sister, parent, other relative, unmarried partner or housemate/roommate from the householder.
   9. Assign origin of roomer/boarder or other non-relative from a like person or the householder.
   10. Assign origin of householder from the relationship matrix.
   11. Assign origin of householder from a 100% hot deck value.
   12. Assign origin of persons in group quarters from a 100% hot deck value.

LANGUAGE QUESTIONS:

LANG1 (Language other than English at home)
LANG2 (Language spoken at home)
ENGLISH (Ability to speak English)

Consistency Checks:

1. Universe check: If AGE <5, change non-zero entries in LANG1, LANG2 and ENGLISH to 0.
2. If LANG1 is no but a non-English language is specified for LANG2, change LANG1 to yes and blank out values for LANG2 and ENGLISH.
3. If LANG1 is yes, speaks another language:
   1. But LANG2 is English, change LANG1 to no and give LANG2 and ENGLISH codes of 0 (N/A).
   2. But ENGLISH has a value of 0 (speaks only English), blank ENGLISH for allocation.
   3. But LANG2 is not in the universe, mark LANG2 for allocation.
4. If LANG1 is blank:
   1. And LANG2 is English, change LANG1 to no (speaks only English) and give LANG2 and ENGLISH codes of 0 (N/A).
   2. And LANG2 is not English, change LANG1 to yes.
   3. And LANG2 is not English and ENGLISH has a value of 0 (speaks only English), change LANG1 to yes and blank ENGLISH for allocation.
   4. And LANG2 is not in the universe, mark LANG1, LANG2 and ENGLISH for allocation.

Logical Edit:

1. If LANG1 is no, make LANG2 and ENGLISH not in the universe.

2. If LANG1 is yes and LANG2 is blank, assign the same value of LANG2 as the closest relative (in order according to the chart) encountered in the household who also has a yes in LANG1.

   Priority Order of Donor Relative by RELATE of Subject:

   Householder

   brother/sister

   father/mother
   son/daughter
   husband/wife
   stepson/stepdaughter
   grandchild
   other relative

   Husband/wife

   householder

   son/daughter
   stepson/stepdaughter
   grandchild
   brother/sister
   father/mother
   other relative

   Son/daughter

   householder

   husband/wife
   son/daughter
   brother/sister
   father/mother
   stepson/stepdaughter
   grandchild
   other relative

   Stepson/stepdaughter

   stepson/daughter

   husband/wife
   son/daughter
   householder
   brother/sister
   mother/father
   grandchild
   other relative

   Brother/sister

   brother/sister

   householder
   father/mother
   grandchild
   other relative
   son/daughter
   stepson/stepdaughter
   husband/wife

   Father/mother

   father/mother

   brother/sister
   householder
   husband/wife
   son/daughter
   grandchild
   other relative
   stepson/stepdaughter

   Grandchild

   grandchild

   son/daughter
   householder
   husband/wife
   brother/sister
   father/mother
   stepson/stepdaughter
   other relative

   Other relative

   other relative

   householder
   husband/wife
   son/daughter
   brother/sister
   father/mother
   grandchild
   stepson/stepdaughter

   Unmarried partner

   householder

3. If LANG1 is yes and BPL is 180 (born in the USSR), then LANG2 is imputed from RACE and ANCESTRY.
4. If LANG1 is yes and LANG2 is given, then the value of ENGLISH is imputed from AGE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, CITIZEN, YRIMMIG, and LANG2 recoded.

Variables Used in Hot Deck Allocation:

• RELATE (Relatives — 8 categories; Non-relatives — 4 categories; Group Quarters — 3 categories)
• SEX
• RACE (American Indian; Asian Indian; Chinese; Filipino; Japanese; Korean; Vietnamese; Cambodian; Hmong; Laotian; Thai; Hawaiian; Samoan; Guamanian; Other Asian/Pacific Islanders; White; Black; Eskimo; Aleut; Other Races)
• ETHNIC Recode (Hispanic; non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander; non-Hispanic, other races)
• AGE (less than one year to 115+)
• HISPANIC ORIGIN — (Yes/No)
• BPL — Place of birth (not in universe, U.S.; outlying areas; abroad or at sea)
• BPL — Country Recode (English speaking; Europe; Asian & Pacific; North America; Central/South America; Africa and other)
• CITIZEN (born in U.S.; born in Puerto Rico and outlying areas; born abroad of American parents; born abroad — naturalized; not a citizen)
• FOREIGN BPL Recode (foreign born, entry 1980-90; foreign born, entry before 1980; native born)
• YEARIMMIG — Year of entry (1987-1990; 1985 or 1986; 1982-1984; 1980 or 1981; 1975-1979; 1970-1974; 1965-1969; 1960-1964; 1950-1959; before 1950)
• ANCESTRY — (1980 codes)

Allocation Procedures:

1. If the subject is a household head and there is a person in the household with LANG1 filled who is related to the subject householder (brother/sister; father/mother; husband/wife; or son/daughter under 15, in that order) and CITIZEN is known for both, then assign a value of LANG1 from the relative based on subject's CITIZEN, ETHNIC recode, and AGE and the relative's RELATE, CITIZEN, and LANG1.
2. If the subject is either (a) a foreign born household head with other relatives present in the household or (b) a person with no relatives in the household (either a household head with no relatives present or a non-relative), then LANG1 is imputed from HHREL, BPL country recode, AGE, and YRIMMIG.

3. If the subject is either (a) a native born household head or (b) a nonrelative, then LANG1 is imputed from HHREL, HISPANIC ORIGIN, RACE and GE, ANCESTRY and SEX

   1. If the subject is not a household head and LANG1 is blank, then assign the same value for LANG1 as the previous person who matches subject on RELATE, CITIZEN, ETHNIC recode, CITIZEN of householder, AGE of householder, and LANG1 of householder.
   2. If LANG1 is yes and householder LANG1 is also yes, then assign the subject the same LANG2 as the head of his own household (not the donor householder's LANG2).
4. If other persons in household fit both Asian Indian and American Indian categories, choose the characteristics of the first person encountered.

ESR -- EMPLOYMENT STATUS RECODE

Variables Used:

• Worked last week
• hours worked last week
• place of work — county
• temporary absence from work
• looking for work
• available for work
• year last worked
• industry
• occupation
• class of worker
• nonfarm self-Employment income
• farm self-employment income
• branch of service
• GQTYPE Institution Recode (Institutionalized: yes/no)
• GQTYPE Recode [college quarters; short-term group homes; long-term group homes; other working or living arrangements (e.g., nurses/interns dorms, military, boarding houses); and other nonhousehold living situations]
• SEX
• AGE

ESR Values:

0 Not in universe (less than 16 years old)
1 Employed, at work
2 Employed, with a job but not at work
3 Unemployed
4 Armed Forces, at work
5 Armed Forces, with a job but not at work
6 Not in labor force

Pre-Edits:

1. If AGE is less than 16, make ESR 1.
2. If GQTYPE indicates subject is institutionalized, make ESR 6.
3. If the subject is not in the labor force (IND = 998) and if:
   1. TEMPABSENT is 1 (yes, on layoff) and LOOKWORK and AVAILABLE are blank, make ESR 3.
   2. TEMPABSENT is 3 or 0 (no or not reported); LOOKWORK is yes and AVAILABLE is 1, 2, or 4, then make ESR 3.
   3. Else, make ESR 6.
4. If the subject is in the military and on active duty (IND 940-960), assign ESR of 4 or 5 based on WORKLASTWEEK, HRSWORKED, TEMPWORK, LOOKING, AVAILABLE, DATELASTWORKED, and PLACEOFWORK.
5. If the subject is not in the military and total self-employment income is $15,000 or more, assign an ESR of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 6 based on WORKLASTWEEK, HRSWORKED, TEMPWORK, LOOKING, AVAILABLE, DATELASTWORKED, and PLACEOFWORK.
6. If YEAR LAST WORKED is earlier than 1985, change ESR from 2 to 6.
7. If YEAR LAST WORKED is "never worked," change ESR from 2 to 3.
8. If subject is an Armed Forces member who reports 0 hours worked, make ESR 5.
9. If subject is not a member of the Armed Forces and reports 0 hours worked, make ESR 2.

Allocation:

1. Assign the same value of ESR as the closest person with the same AGE, SEX and GQTYPE as the subject.

EMPLOYMENT STATUS COMPONENTS

TEMPABSENST
LOOKING
AVAILABLE

Variables Used:

• ESR — Employment Status Recode

Universe Check:

1. If the subject is younger than 16 or at work in the military (ESR = 0 or 4, then make ABSENT, LOOKING and AVAILABLE not in the universe (0).

HRSWKWK Hours Worked Last Week

Variables Used:

• ESR — Employment Status Recode
• GQTYPE Recode [college quarters; short-term group homes; long-term group homes; other working or living arrangements (e.g., nurses/interns dorms, military, boarding houses); and other nonhousehold living situations]
• AGE
• SEX

Universe Check:

1. If subject is less than 16, unemployed, not in the labor force or not at work (ESR = 0, 2, 3, 5, or 6), then make HRSWKWK not in the universe (0).

Allocation Procedure:

1. If HRSWKWK is 0 or not reported, assign the same value of HRSWKWK as the previous person with the same AGE, SEX, GQTYPE and ESR as the subject.

WORK EXPERIENCE:

WORK LAST YEAR
WEEKS WORKED LAST YEAR
USUAL HOURS WORKED

Variables Used:

• YRLASTWK
• IND
• OCC
• CLASSWKR
• WAGESAL
• NONFARM SELF INC
• FARM SELF INC
• TOTINC
• ESR — Employment Status Recode

Edits:

1. Universe Check: If subject is less than 16 (ESR=0), then make WORKLASYR, WKSWORKED and USHRS not in universe).
2. If subject is not in the labor force (IND=998) and if there is no wage and salary or self-employment income (WAGESAL, NONFARM SELF INC and FARM SELF INC all equal 2), then make WORK LAST YEAR no (2). Skip the next step.
3. All other values of WORK LAST YEAR, are checked for consistency with entries in WKSWK LAST YEAR, USUAL HOURS WORKED, WAGESAL, NONFARM SELF INC, FARM SELF INC, ESR, and YRLASTWORKED as well as non-zeros in IND, OCC and CLASSWKR. Inconsistent entries are changed or blanked for later allocation.

4. If the subject is not working without pay in a family business or firm (CLASSWKR=8) and if there is no income reported in WAGESAL, NONFARM SELF INC or FARM SELF INC, assign WORKLASYR as follows:

   1. If the subject is employed or in the Armed Forces (ESR=1, 2, 4 or 5), the WORKLASTYR =1.

   2. If the subject is unemployed or not in the labor force (ESR=3 or 6), then:

      1. If YRLASTWORK is 1987 or 1988, make WORKLASTYR =1 (yes).
      2. If YRLASTWORK 1986 or earlier, make WORKLASTYR=2 (no).
      3. If YRLASTWORK =0 (not reported), make WORKLASTYR=1 (yes).
5. All other allocations are done in the JOINT ALLOCATION SYSTEM.

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