OCC1880
Occupation 1880Description
OCC1880 indicates the deceased person's occupation, if any, coded to the 1880 U.S. census classification system.
NOTE: Occupation responses were not transcribed from the manuscripts for most people in the 1860-1880 datasets. 22% of cases have occupations in 1850 versus 5 to 7% in 1860-1880. These data are not random, but cluster by geography. Care should be taken in using them.
Availability
1850, 1860, 1870, 1880
| Code | Label |
|---|---|
| Agricultural laborers | |
| Dairymen and dairywomen | |
| Farm and plantation overseers | |
| Farmers and planters | |
| Florists | |
| Gardeners, nurserymen, and vine-growers | |
| Stock-drovers | |
| Stock-herders | |
| Stock-raisers | |
| Turpentine farmers and laborers | |
| Actors | |
| Architects | |
| Artists and teachers of art | |
| Auctioneers | |
| Authors, lecturers, and literary persons | |
| Barbers and hairdressers | |
| Billiard- and bowling saloon keepers and employees | |
| Boarding- and lodging-house keepers | |
| Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists | |
| Clergy | |
| Clerks and copyists | |
| Clerks in government offices | |
| Clerks in hotels and restaurants | |
| Collectors and claim agents | |
| Designers, draughtsmen, and inventors | |
| Domestic servants | |
| Employees of charitable institutions | |
| Employees of government (not clerks) | |
| Employees of hotels and restaurants (not clerks) | |
| Engineers (civil) | |
| Hostlers | |
| Hotel keepers | |
| Hunters, trappers, guides, and scouts | |
| Janitors | |
| Journalists | |
| Laborers (not specified) | |
| Launderers and laundresses | |
| Lawyers | |
| Livery-stable keepers | |
| Messengers | |
| Midwives | |
| Musicians (professional) and teachers music | |
| Nurses | |
| Officers of the Army and Navy | |
| Officials of government | |
| Physicians and surgeons | |
| Restaurant keepers | |
| Sexton | |
| Showmen and employees of shows | |
| Soldiers, sailors, and Marines (Army Navy) | |
| Teachers and scientific persons | |
| Veterinary surgeons | |
| Watchmen (private) and detectives | |
| Whitewashers | |
| Others in professional and services | |
| Agents (not specified) | |
| Bankers and brokers | |
| Boatmen and watermen | |
| Bookkeepers and accountants in stores | |
| Brokers (commercial) | |
| Canalmen | |
| Clerks in stores | |
| Clerks and bookkeepers in banks | |
| Clerks and bookkeepers in offices | |
| Clerks and bookkeepers in railroad offices | |
| Commercial travelers | |
| Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. | |
| Employees in warehouses | |
| Employees of banks (not clerks) | |
| Employees of insurance companies (clerks) | |
| Employees of railroad companies | |
| Hucksters and peddlers | |
| Milkmen and milkwomen | |
| Newspaper criers and carriers | |
| Officials and employees of companies (not clerks) | |
| Officials and employees of street companies | |
| Officials and employees of telegraph companies | |
| Officials and employees of trade and transportation companies (not specified) | |
| Officials of banks | |
| Officials of insurance companies | |
| Officials of railroad companies | |
| Packers | |
| Pilots | |
| Porters and laborers in stores warehouses | |
| Sailors | |
| Salesmen and saleswomen | |
| Saloon keepers and bartenders | |
| Shippers and freighters | |
| Steamboat men and women | |
| Stewards and stewardesses | |
| Toll-gate and bridge keepers | |
| Traders and dealers (not specified) | |
| Traders and dealers in agricultural implements | |
| Traders and dealers in books stationary | |
| Traders and dealers in boots and shoes | |
| Traders and dealers in cabinet ware | |
| Traders and dealers in cigars and tobacco | |
| Traders and dealers in clothing and men's furnishing goods | |
| Traders and dealers in coal and wood | |
| Traders and dealers in drugs and medicines | |
| Traders and dealers in dry foods, fancy foods, and notions | |
| Traders and dealers in gold and silverware and jewelry | |
| Traders and dealers in groceries | |
| Traders and dealers in ice | |
| Traders and dealers in iron, tin, and copperware | |
| Traders and dealers in junk | |
| Traders and dealers in leather, hides, and skins | |
| Traders and dealers in liquors and wines | |
| Traders and dealers in livestock | |
| Traders and dealers in lumber | |
| Traders and dealers in marble, stone and slate | |
| Traders and dealers in music and musical instruments | |
| Traders and dealers in newspapers periodicals | |
| Traders and dealers in oils, paints, and turpentine | |
| Traders and dealers in paper and paper stock | |
| Traders and dealers in produce and provisions | |
| Traders and dealers in real estate | |
| Traders and dealers in sewing machines | |
| Weighers, gaugers, and measurers | |
| Others in trade and transportation | |
| Agricultural implement makers | |
| Apprentices to trades | |
| Bakers | |
| Basket makers | |
| Blacksmiths | |
| Bleachers, dyers and scourers | |
| Blind, door and sash makers | |
| Boat makers | |
| Bookbinders and finishers | |
| Boot and shoemakers | |
| Bottlers and mineral-water makers | |
| Box factory operatives | |
| Brass founders and workers | |
| Brewers and maltsters | |
| Brick and tile makers | |
| Bridge builders and contractors | |
| Broom and brush makers | |
| Builders and contractors (not specified) | |
| Butchers | |
| Cabinet makers | |
| Candle, soap, and tallow makers | |
| Car makers | |
| Carpenters and joiners | |
| Carpet makers | |
| Carriage and wagon makers | |
| Charcoal and lime burners | |
| Cheese makers | |
| Chemical-works employees | |
| Cigar makers | |
| Clerks and bookkeepers in manufacturing estabs. | |
| Clock and watchmakers and repairers | |
| Confectioners | |
| Coopers | |
| Copper workers | |
| Corset makers | |
| Cotton-mill operatives | |
| Distillers and rectifiers | |
| Employees in manufacturing estabs. (not specified) | |
| Engineers and firemen | |
| Engravers | |
| File makers, cutters, and grinders | |
| Fishermen and oystermen | |
| Flax dressers | |
| Fur workers | |
| Galloon, gimp, and tassel makers | |
| Gilders | |
| Glass-works operatives | |
| Glove makers | |
| Gold and silver workers and jewelers | |
| Gun- and lock-smiths | |
| Harness and saddle makers | |
| Hat and cap makers | |
| Hosiery and knitting mill operatives | |
| Iron and steel works and shops operatives | |
| Lace makers | |
| Lead and zinc works operatives | |
| Leather curriers, dressers, finishers, and tanners | |
| Lumbermen and raftsmen | |
| Machinists | |
| Manufacturers | |
| Marble and stone cutters | |
| Masons (brick and stone) | |
| Meat and fruit preserving establishment employees | |
| Meat packers, curers, and picklers | |
| Mechanics (not specified) | |
| Mill and factory operatives (not specified) | |
| Millers | |
| Milliners, dressmakers, and seamstresses | |
| Miners | |
| Nail makers | |
| Officials of manufacturing and mining companies | |
| Oil mill and refinery operatives | |
| Painters and varnishers | |
| Paperhangers | |
| Paper mill operatives | |
| Pattern makers | |
| Photographers | |
| Pianoforte makers and tuners | |
| Plasterers | |
| Plumbers and gasfitters | |
| Potters | |
| Printers, lithographers, and stereotypers | |
| Print-works operatives | |
| Publishers of books, maps, and newspapers | |
| Pump makers | |
| Quarrymen | |
| Rag pickers | |
| Railroad builders and contractors | |
| Roofers and slaters | |
| Rope and cordage makers | |
| Rubber factory operatives | |
| Sail and awning makers | |
| Salt makers | |
| Saw and planing mill operatives | |
| Sawyers | |
| Scale and rule makers | |
| Shingle and lath makers | |
| Ship carpenters, caulkers, riggers, and smiths | |
| Shirt, cuff, and collar makers | |
| Starch makers | |
| Stave, shook, and heading makers | |
| Steam boiler makers | |
| Stove, furnace, and grate makers | |
| Straw workers | |
| Tailors and tailoresses | |
| Thread makers | |
| Tinners and tinware makers | |
| Tool and cutlery makers | |
| Trunk, valise, and carpet-bag makers | |
| Tobacco factory operatives | |
| Upholsterers | |
| Wheelwrights | |
| Wire makers and workers | |
| Wood choppers | |
| Wood turners, carvers, and woodenware makers | |
| Woolen mill operatives | |
| Others in manufacturing, mechanical, and mining industries | |
| Officials, industry not specified | |
| Keeping house | |
| At home | |
| Student | |
| Retired | |
| Without occupation, unemployed | |
| Sick, disabled | |
| Institutional inmate | |
| Gentleman | |
| Other non-occupational response | |
| Have occupation, not classifiable | |
| Illegible/uninterpretable | |
| Blank (no response or response not transcribed) | |
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