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Enslaved Population Data Download

The 1850 and 1860 data files for the enslaved population are available in Stata and SPSS formats.

Data Files

1850 Stata
1850 SPSS
1860 Stata
1860 SPSS

You must be registered with IPUMS USA to download the data files. To check your account status or register to use IPUMS USA, see account options.

Variables in the public-use files available from this page are numerically coded. Researchers who have a legitimate need for the restricted-access string variables, which include the names of slaveholders, may inquire at ipumsres@umn.edu.

Legacy Slave Samples

In 2004, an IPUMS research team created a set of enslaved population samples of varying density. The samples were subjected to greater quality control and differing procedures from the full count datasets and can be useful for comparative and other purposes.

Citation

Researchers should cite the full-count data files for the enslaved population as follows:

J. David Hacker, Ronald Goeken, Matt A. Nelson, and Matthew Sobek. IPUMS Full Count Datasets of the 1850 and 1860 Censuses of the Enslaved Population of the United States [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18128/D013.V2.0