Enslaved Population Data Download
The 1850 and 1860 data files for the enslaved population are available in Stata and SPSS formats.
Data Files
1850 SPSS
1860 Stata
1860 SPSS
You must be registered with IPUMS USA to download the data files. To check your account status or register to use IPUMS USA, see account options.
The data provided on this page were released in spring 2026. The revision added disability and improved fugitive and manumission data for 1860. The previous version of the data, released in 2024, are also available.
Variables in the public-use files available from this page are numerically coded. Researchers who have a legitimate need for the restricted-access string variables, which include the names of slaveholders, may inquire at ipumsres@umn.edu.
Legacy Slave Samples
In 2004, an IPUMS research team created a set of enslaved population samples of varying density. The samples were subjected to greater quality control and differing procedures from the full count datasets and can be useful for comparative and other purposes. Contact ipumsres@umn.edu if you are interested in accessing these files.
Citation
Researchers should cite the full-count data files for the enslaved population as follows:
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