1990 Occupation Codes
This page presents the 1990 census occupational classification system recorded in the IPUMS variable OCC. The occupations are organized into several large groupings of roughly descending socioeconomic status (e.g. professionals and managers listed first). In addition to this contemporary system, the IPUMS codes all census years into the 1950 occupation classification scheme, recording them in the variable OCC1950. The census occupation classification system changed markedly in 1980, so the correspondence of 1990 occupations to the 1950 categories is more problematic than for earlier census years. Researchers interested in the period from 1980 to the present should consider using OCC1990. OCC1990 codes occupations into a simplified version of the 1990 occupational coding scheme. The OCC1950 and OCC1990 classifications have corresponding occupational standing measures recorded in the variables SEI, HWSEI, NPBOSS50, NPBOSS90, PRESGL, PRENT, EDSCOR50, EDSCOR90, ERSCOR50, ERSCOR90, and OCCSCORE. Our essay on "Integrated Occupation and Industry codes and Occupational Standing Variables in the IPUMS" describes how we construct harmonized occupational variables as well as occupational standing variables.
OCC | Occupation |
---|---|
Not Applicable | |
000 | N/A (not applicable) |
Managerial and Professional Specialty Occupations | |
Executive, Administrative, and Managerial Occupations: | |
003 | Legislators |
004 | Chief executives and general administrators, public administration |
005 | Administrators and officials, public administration |
006 | Administrators, protective services |
007 | Financial managers |
008 | Personnel and labor relations managers |
009 | Purchasing managers |
013 | Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations |
014 | Administrators, education and related fields |
015 | Managers, medicine and health |
016 | Postmasters and mail superintendents |
017 | Managers, food serving and lodging establishments |
018 | Managers, properties and real estate |
019 | Funeral directors |
021 | Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. |
022 | Managers and administrators, n.e.c. |
Management Related Occupations: | |
023 | Accountants and auditors |
024 | Underwriters |
025 | Other financial officers |
026 | Management analysts |
027 | Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists |
028 | Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products |
029 | Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products |
033 | Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. |
034 | Business and promotion agents |
035 | Construction inspectors |
036 | Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction |
037 | Management related occupations, n.e.c. |
Professional Specialty Occupations | |
Engineers, Architects, and Surveyors: | |
043 | Architects |
Engineers: | |
044 | Aerospace |
045 | Metallurgical and materials |
046 | Mining |
047 | Petroleum |
048 | Chemical |
049 | Nuclear |
053 | Civil |
054 | Agricultural |
055 | Electrical and electronic |
056 | Industrial |
057 | Mechanical |
058 | Marine and naval architects |
059 | Engineers, n.e.c. |
063 | Surveyors and mapping scientists |
Mathematical and Computer Scientists: | |
064 | Computer systems analysts and scientists |
065 | Operations and systems researchers and analysts |
066 | Actuaries |
067 | Statisticians |
068 | Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. |
Natural Scientists: | |
069 | Physicists and astronomers |
073 | Chemists, except biochemists |
074 | Atmospheric and space scientists |
075 | Geologists and geodesists |
076 | Physical scientists, n.e.c. |
077 | Agricultural and food scientists |
078 | Biological and life scientists |
079 | Forestry and conservation scientists |
083 | Medical scientists |
Health Diagnosing Occupations: | |
084 | Physicians |
085 | Dentists |
086 | Veterinarians |
087 | Optometrists |
088 | Podiatrists |
089 | Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. |
Health Assessment and Treating Occupations: | |
095 | Registered nurses |
096 | Pharmacists |
097 | Dietitians |
Therapists: | |
098 | Respiratory therapists |
099 | Occupational therapists |
103 | Physical therapists |
104 | Speech therapists |
105 | Therapists, n.e.c. |
106 | Physicians' assistants |
Teachers, Postsecondary: | |
113 | Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers |
114 | Biological science teachers |
115 | Chemistry teachers |
116 | Physics teachers |
117 | Natural science teachers, n.e.c. |
118 | Psychology teachers |
119 | Economics teachers |
123 | History teachers |
124 | Political science teachers |
125 | Sociology teachers |
126 | Social science teachers, n.e.c. |
127 | Engineering teachers |
128 | Mathematical science teachers |
129 | Computer science teachers |
133 | Medical science teachers |
134 | Health specialties teachers |
135 | Business, commerce, and marketing teachers |
136 | Agriculture and forestry teachers |
137 | Art, drama, and music teachers |
138 | Physical education teachers |
139 | Education teachers |
143 | English teachers |
144 | Foreign language teachers |
145 | Law teachers |
146 | Social work teachers |
147 | Theology teachers |
148 | Trade and industrial teachers |
149 | Home economics teachers |
153 | Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c. |
154 | Postsecondary teachers, subject n.s. |
Teachers, Except Postsecondary: | |
155 | Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten |
156 | Teachers, elementary school |
157 | Teachers, secondary school |
158 | Teachers, special education |
159 | Teachers, n.e.c. |
163 | Counselors, educational and vocational |
Librarians, Archivists, and Curators: | |
164 | Librarians |
165 | Archivists and curators |
Social Scientists and Urban Planners: | |
166 | Economists |
167 | Psychologists |
168 | Sociologists |
169 | Social scientists, n.e.c. |
173 | Urban planners |
Social, Recreation, and Religious Workers | |
174 | Social workers |
175 | Recreation workers |
176 | Clergy |
177 | Religious workers, n.e.c. |
Lawyers and Judges: | |
178 | Lawyers |
179 | Judges |
Writers, Artists, Entertainers, and Athletes: | |
183 | Authors |
184 | Technical writers |
185 | Designers |
186 | Musicians and composers |
187 | Actors and directors |
188 | Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers |
189 | Photographers |
193 | Dancers |
194 | Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. |
195 | Editors and reporters |
197 | Public relations specialists |
198 | Announcers |
199 | Athletes |
Technical Sales and Administrative Support Occupations | |
Technicians and Related Support Occupations | |
- Health Technologists and Technicians: | |
203 | Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians |
204 | Dental hygienists |
205 | Health record technologists and technicians |
206 | Radiologic technicians |
207 | Licensed practical nurses |
208 | Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. |
Technologists and Technicians, Except Health | |
- Engineering and Related Technologists and Technicians: | |
213 | Electrical and electronic technicians |
214 | Industrial engineering technicians |
215 | Mechanical engineering technicians |
216 | Engineering technicians, n.e.c. |
217 | Drafting occupations |
218 | Surveying and mapping technicians |
- Science Technicians: | |
223 | Biological technicians |
224 | Chemical technicians |
225 | Science technicians n.e.c. |
- Technicians, Except Health, Engineering, and Science: | |
226 | Airplane pilots and navigators |
227 | Air traffic controllers |
228 | Broadcast equipment operators |
229 | Computer programmers |
233 | Tool programmers, numerical control |
234 | Legal assistants |
235 | Technician, n.e.c. |
Sales Occupations | |
243 | Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations |
- Sales Representatives, Finance and Business Services: | |
253 | Insurance sales occupations |
254 | Real estate sales occupations |
255 | Securities and financial services sales occupations |
256 | Advertising and related sales occupations |
257 | Sales occupations, other business services |
- Sales Representatives, Commodities Except Retail: | |
258 | Sales engineers |
259 | Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale |
- Sales Workers, Retail and Personal Services: | |
263 | Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats |
264 | Sales workers, apparel |
265 | Sales workers, shoes |
266 | Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings |
267 | Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances |
268 | Sales workers, hardware and building supplies |
269 | Sales workers, parts |
274 | Sales workers, other commodities |
275 | Sales counter clerks |
276 | Cashiers |
277 | Street and door-to-door sales workers |
278 | News vendors |
- Sales Related Occupations: | |
283 | Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales |
284 | Auctioneers |
285 | Sales support occupations, n.e.c. |
290 | Sales workers -- allocated |
Administrative Support Occupations, Including Clerical | |
- Supervisors, Administrative Support Occupations: | |
303 | Supervisors, general office |
304 | Supervisors, computer equipment operators |
305 | Supervisors, financial records processing |
306 | Chief communications operators |
307 | Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks |
- Computer Equipment Operators: | |
308 | Computer operators |
309 | Peripheral equipment operators |
- Secretaries, Stenographers, and Typists: | |
313 | Secretaries |
314 | Stenographers |
315 | Typists |
- Information Clerks: | |
316 | Interviewers |
317 | Hotel clerks |
318 | Transportation ticket and reservation agents |
319 | Receptionists |
323 | Information clerks, n.e.c. |
- Records Processing Occupations, Except Financial: | |
325 | Classified-ad clerks |
326 | Correspondence clerks |
327 | Order clerks |
328 | Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping |
329 | Library clerks |
335 | File clerks |
336 | Records clerks |
- Financial Records Processing Occupations: | |
337 | Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks |
338 | Payroll and timekeeping clerks |
339 | Billing clerks |
343 | Cost and rate clerks |
344 | Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators |
- Duplicating, Mail, and Other Office Machine Operators: | |
345 | Duplicating machine operators |
346 | Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators |
347 | Office machine operators, n.e.c. |
- Communications Equipment Operators: | |
348 | Telephone operators |
353 | Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. |
- Mail and Message Distributing Occupations: | |
354 | Postal clerks except mail carriers |
355 | Mail carriers, postal service |
356 | Mail clerks, except postal service |
357 | Messengers |
- Material Recording, Scheduling, and Distributing Clerks: | |
359 | Dispatchers |
363 | Production coordinators |
364 | Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks |
365 | Stock and inventory clerks |
366 | Meter readers |
368 | Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers |
373 | Expediters |
374 | Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c. |
- Adjusters and Investigators: | |
375 | Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators |
376 | Investigators and adjusters, except insurance |
377 | Eligibility clerks, social welfare |
378 | Bill and account collectors |
- Miscellaneous Administrative Support Occupations: | |
379 | General office clerks |
383 | Bank tellers |
384 | Proofreaders |
385 | Data-entry keyers |
386 | Statistical clerks |
387 | Teachers' aides |
389 | Administrative support occupations, n.e.c. |
390 | Professional, technical, and kindred workers -- allocated |
391 | Clerical and kindred workers -- allocated |
Service Occupations | |
Private Household Occupations | |
403 | Launderers and ironers |
404 | Cooks, private household |
405 | Housekeepers and butlers |
406 | Child care workers, private household |
407 | Private household cleaners and servants |
408 | Private household workers -- allocated |
Protective Service Occupations | |
- Supervisors, Protective Service Occupations: | |
413 | Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations |
414 | Supervisors, police and detectives |
415 | Supervisors, guards |
- Firefighting and Fire Prevention Occupations: | |
416 | Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations |
417 | Firefighting occupations |
- Police and Detectives: | |
418 | Police and detectives, public service |
423 | Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers |
424 | Correctional institution officers |
- Guards: | |
425 | Crossing guards |
426 | Guards and police, except public service |
427 | Protective service occupations, n.e.c. |
Service Occupations, Except Protective and Household | |
- Food Preparation and Service Occupations: | |
433 | Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations |
434 | Bartenders |
435 | Waiters and waitresses |
436 | Cooks |
438 | Food counter, fountain and related occupations |
439 | Kitchen workers, food preparation |
443 | Waiters'/waitresses' assistants |
444 | Miscellaneous food preparation occupations |
- Health Service Occupations: | |
445 | Dental assistants |
446 | Health aides, except nursing |
447 | Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants |
- Cleaning and Building Service Occupations, Except Household: | |
448 | Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers |
449 | Maids and housemen |
453 | Janitors and cleaners |
454 | Elevator operators |
455 | Pest control occupations |
- Personal Service Occupations: | |
456 | Supervisors, personal service occupations |
457 | Barbers |
458 | Hairdressers and cosmetologists |
459 | Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities |
461 | Guides |
462 | Ushers |
463 | Public transportation attendants |
464 | Baggage porters and bellhops |
465 | Welfare service aides |
466 | Family child care providers |
467 | Early childhood teachers' assistants |
468 | Child care workers, n.e.c. |
469 | Personal service occupations, n.e.c. |
Farming, Forestry, and Fishing Occupations | |
Farm Operators and Managers: | |
473 | Farmers, except horticultural |
474 | Horticultural specialty farmers |
475 | Managers, farms, except horticultural |
476 | Managers, horticultural specialty farms |
Other Agricultural and Related Occupations | |
- Farm Occupations, Except Managerial: | |
477 | Supervisors, farm workers |
479 | Farm workers |
480 | Farm laborers and farm foremen -- allocated |
483 | Marine life cultivation workers |
484 | Nursery workers |
- Related Agricultural Occupations: | |
485 | Supervisors, related agricultural occupations |
486 | Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm |
487 | Animal caretakers, except farm |
488 | Graders and sorters, agricultural products |
489 | Inspectors, agricultural products |
- Forestry and Logging Occupations: | |
494 | Supervisors, forestry, and logging workers |
495 | Forestry workers except logging |
496 | Timber cutting and logging occupations |
- Fishers, Hunters, and Trappers: | |
497 | Captains and other officers, fishing vessels |
498 | Fishers |
499 | Hunters and trappers |
PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS | |
Mechanics and Repairers | |
503 | Supervisors, mechanics and repairers |
Mechanics and Repairers, Except Supervisors | |
- Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Mechanics and Repairers: | |
505 | Automobile mechanics |
506 | Automobile mechanic apprentices |
507 | Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics |
508 | Aircraft engine mechanics |
509 | Small engine repairers |
514 | Automobile body and related repairers |
515 | Aircraft mechanics, except engine |
516 | Heavy equipment mechanics |
517 | Farm equipment mechanics |
518 | Industrial machinery repairers |
519 | Machinery maintenance occupations |
- Electrical and Electronic Equipment Repairers: | |
523 | Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment |
525 | Data processing equipment repairers |
526 | Household appliance and power tool repairers |
527 | Telephone line installers and repairers |
529 | Telephone installers and repairers |
533 | Misc. electrical and electronic equipment repairers |
534 | Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics |
- Miscellaneous Mechanics and Repairers: | |
535 | Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers |
536 | Locksmiths and safe repairers |
538 | Office machine repairers |
539 | Mechanical controls and valve repairers |
543 | Elevator installers and repairers |
544 | Millwrights |
547 | Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. |
549 | Mechanics and repairers, n.s. |
Construction Trades | |
- Supervisors, Construction Occupations: | |
553 | Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters |
554 | Supervisors, carpenters and related workers |
555 | Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers |
556 | Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and plasterers |
557 | Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters |
558 | Supervisors, construction, n.e.c. |
- Construction Trades, Except Supervisors: | |
563 | Brickmasons and stonemasons |
564 | Brickmason and stonemason apprentices |
565 | Tile setters, hard and soft |
566 | Carpet installers |
567 | Carpenters |
569 | Carpenter apprentices |
573 | Drywall installers |
575 | Electricians |
576 | Electrician apprentices |
577 | Electrical power installers and repairers |
579 | Painters, construction and maintenance |
583 | Paperhangers |
584 | Plasterers |
585 | Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters |
587 | Plumber, pipe fitter, and steamfitter apprentices |
588 | Concrete and terrazzo finishers |
589 | Glaziers |
593 | Insulation workers |
594 | Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators |
595 | Roofers |
596 | Sheetmetal duct installers |
597 | Structural metal workers |
598 | Drillers, earth |
599 | Construction trades, n.e.c. |
Extractive Occupations | |
613 | Supervisors, extractive occupations |
614 | Drillers, oil well |
615 | Explosives workers |
616 | Mining machine operators |
617 | Mining occupations, n.e.c. |
Precision Production Occupations | |
628 | Supervisors, production occupations |
- Precision Metal Working Occupations: | |
634 | Tool and die makers |
635 | Tool and die maker apprentices |
636 | Precision assemblers, metal |
637 | Machinists |
639 | Machinist apprentices |
643 | Boilermakers |
644 | Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners |
645 | Patternmakers and model makers, metal |
646 | Lay-out workers |
647 | Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers) |
649 | Engravers, metal |
653 | Sheet metal workers |
654 | Sheet metal worker apprentices |
655 | Miscellaneous precision metal workers |
- Precision Woodworking Occupations: | |
656 | Patternmakers and model makers, wood |
657 | Cabinet makers and bench carpenters |
658 | Furniture and wood finishers |
659 | Miscellaneous precision woodworkers |
- Precision Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Machine Workers: | |
666 | Dressmakers |
667 | Tailors |
668 | Upholsterers |
669 | Shoe repairers |
674 | Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers |
- Precision Workers, Assorted Materials: | |
675 | Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers |
676 | Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters |
677 | Optical goods workers |
678 | Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians |
679 | Bookbinders |
683 | Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers |
684 | Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. |
- Precision Food Production Occupations: | |
686 | Butchers and meat cutters |
687 | Bakers |
688 | Food batchmakers |
- Precision Inspectors, Testers, and Related Workers: | |
689 | Inspectors, testers, and graders |
693 | Adjusters and calibrators |
- Plant and System Operators: | |
694 | Water and sewage treatment plant operators |
695 | Power plant operators |
696 | Stationary engineers |
699 | Miscellaneous plant and system operators |
Operators, Fabricators, and Laborers | |
Machine Operators, Assemblers, and Inspectors Machine Operators and Tenders, Except Precision | |
- Metalworking and Plastic Working Machine Operators: | |
703 | Lathe and turning machine set-up operators |
704 | Lathe and turning machine operators |
705 | Milling and planing machine operators |
706 | Punching and stamping press machine operators |
707 | Rolling machine operators |
708 | Drilling and boring machine operators |
709 | Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators |
713 | Forging machine operators |
714 | Numerical control machine operators |
715 | Miscellaneous metal, plastic, stone, and glass working machine operators |
717 | Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. |
- Metal and Plastic Processing Machine Operators: | |
719 | Molding and casting machine operators |
723 | Metal plating machine operators |
724 | Heat treating equipment operators |
725 | Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators |
- Woodworking Machine Operators: | |
726 | Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators |
727 | Sawing machine operators |
728 | Shaping and joining machine operators |
729 | Nailing and tacking machine operators |
733 | Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators |
- Printing Machine Operators: | |
734 | Printing press operators |
735 | Photoengravers and lithographers |
736 | Typesetters and compositors |
737 | Miscellaneous printing machine operators |
- Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Machine Operators: | |
738 | Winding and twisting machine operators |
739 | Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators |
743 | Textile cutting machine operators |
744 | Textile sewing machine operators |
745 | Shoe machine operators |
747 | Pressing machine operators |
748 | Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators |
749 | Miscellaneous textile machine operators |
- Machine Operators, Assorted Materials: | |
753 | Cementing and gluing machine operators |
754 | Packaging and filling machine operators |
755 | Extruding and forming machine operators |
756 | Mixing and blending machine operators |
757 | Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators |
758 | Compressing and compacting machine operators |
759 | Painting and paint spraying machine operators |
763 | Roasting and baking machine operators, food |
764 | Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators |
765 | Folding machine operators |
766 | Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food |
768 | Crushing and grinding machine operators |
769 | Slicing and cutting machine operators |
773 | Motion picture projectionists |
774 | Photographic process machine operators |
777 | Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. |
779 | Machine operators, n.s. |
Fabricators, Assemblers, and Hand Working Occupations | |
783 | Welders and cutters |
784 | Solderers and brazers |
785 | Assemblers |
786 | Hand cutting and trimming occupations |
787 | Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations |
789 | Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations |
793 | Hand engraving and printing occupations |
795 | Miscellaneous hand working occupations |
Production Inspectors, Testers, Samplers, and Weighers | |
796 | Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners |
797 | Production testers |
798 | Production samplers and weighers |
799 | Graders and sorters, except agricultural |
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | |
- Motor Vehicle Operators: | |
803 | Supervisors, motor vehicle operators |
804 | Truck drivers |
806 | Driver-sales workers |
808 | Bus drivers |
809 | Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs |
813 | Parking lot attendants |
814 | Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c. |
815 | Transport equipment operatives -- allocated |
Transportation Occupations, Except Motor Vehicles | |
- Rail Transportation Occupations: | |
823 | Railroad conductors and yardmasters |
824 | Locomotive operating occupations |
825 | Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators |
826 | Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. |
- Water Transportation Occupations: | |
828 | Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats |
829 | Sailors and deckhands |
833 | Marine engineers |
834 | Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders |
- Material Moving Equipment Operators: | |
843 | Supervisors, material moving equipment operators |
844 | Operating engineers |
845 | Longshore equipment operators |
848 | Hoist and winch operators |
849 | Crane and tower operators |
853 | Excavating and loading machine operators |
855 | Grader, dozer, and scraper operators |
856 | Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators |
859 | Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators |
864 | Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c. |
865 | Helpers, mechanics and repairers |
- Helpers, Construction and Extractive Occupations: | |
866 | Helpers, construction trades |
867 | Helpers, surveyor |
868 | Helpers, extractive occupations |
869 | Construction laborers |
874 | Production helpers |
- Freight, Stock, and Material Handlers: | |
875 | Garbage collectors |
876 | Stevedores |
877 | Stock handlers and baggers |
878 | Machine feeders and offbearers |
883 | Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. |
885 | Garage and service station related occupations |
887 | Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners |
888 | Hand packers and packagers |
889 | Laborers, except construction |
890 | Laborers, except farm -- allocated |
Military Occupations | |
903 | Commissioned Officers and Warrant Officers |
904 | Non-commissioned Officers and Other Enlisted Personnel |
905 | Military occupation, rank not specified |
Experienced Unemployed Not Classified by Occupation | |
909 | Last worked 1984 or earlier |